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Bio chapter 13

Terms in this set (32)

Which of the following expressions can be used to calculate the change in the size of a population?
(births - deaths) + (immigrants - emigrants)
A partial food web is shown at right. Which of the following terms best describes the relationship between
the sparrow and the toad?
competition
The loss of the producers in an ecosystem would most likely result in which of the following changes?
a decrease in the primary consumers and the secondary consumers
What is the primary role of photosynthesis in the carbon cycle?
removing carbon from the atmosphere
Density—independent limiting factors include:
hurricanes
The maximum number of organisms of a particular species that a particular environment can support is called:
carrying capacity
limiting factor that depends on population size is called a:
density—dependent limiting factor
Which labeled time interval (A, B, C or D) shows exponential growth in this population curve:
B
What is true of the time period marked D in the GRAPH:
the population is growing exponentially
Which of the following lists identifies organisms that are producers in food webs?
algae, ferns, sunflowers
The size of a bird population increased by two percent in one year. Which of the following could have contributed to the population increase?
a decrease in the death rate ofbaby birds
Leavesfallfromdeciduoustreesinautumn.Thecarbonintheseleavesisreturnedtotheatmospherethroughwhichofthe following processes?
decomposition
Which of the following human activities reduces biodiversity?
planting only red pine trees to replace native hardwood forests cut for lumber
The graph shows changes in the sizes of four animal populations over a 16-year period. In which population was birth rate most likely greater than death rate from year 8 to year 12?
population 3
Many individuals in wild animal populations die at a young age. Which of the following factors most
directly limits lifespan and therefore has a large effect on a species' population size?
high predator numbers
A marine food web is shown below. Which of the following diagrams correctly represents an energy pyramid from this web
Look on study guide
The graph shows the levels of acidity that different kinds of freshwater fish can tolerate. Low pH values mean the water is more acidic. Based on the data, which of the following fish would most likely experience the largest population declines due to acid rain pollution?
fathead minnow
Which of the following statements describes a role of plants in the water cycle?
Plants release water vapor into the atmosphere during transpiration.
A food web is shown at right. Which of the following organisms compete for the mouse as a food source?
hawk and snake
In some areas, nuts from trees are an important source of food for grizzly bears. Female bears eat the nuts to gain weight before they give birth to their cubs. Based on this information, which of the following would most likely decrease the size of grizzly bear populations?
insect pests attacking the trees
A population of flat-tailed horned lizards was found in a geographically isolated area. In 2002, the size of the population was about 25,500. In 2004, the size of the population was about 32,800. Which of the following statements explains the change in the size of the lizard population from 2002 to 2004?
The birth rate was greater than the death rate.
Many lichens are composed of fungi and algae. The fungi get sugars from the algae, and the algae get water, minerals, and proteins from the fungi. Which of the following terms best describes the relationship between the organisms in the lichens?
mutualism
The illustration at right shows part of a clover root system. Two root nodules are labeled.
The nodules contain which of the following to fix nitrogen for the plant?
bacteria
Tapeworms are sometimes found in the small intestines of sheep. A tapeworm attaches to the intestinal wall using suckers and then absorbs nutrients from the sheep's intestine. Which of the following terms describes the relationship between the tapeworm and the sheep?
parasitism
Pioneer species are the first species to take hold in a barren area after a disaster has occurred. Based on the data, most of the pioneer species in this area were which of the following types of organisms?
mosses
The recolonization of this area by algae, mosses, ferns, and seed plants reestablished which trophic level in the devastated ecosystem?
producer
Most organisms were unable to live in the area for the first six months after the eruption. Which of the following changes most likely needed to occur in the area so that organisms could return there?
increase in soil nutrients
All the recolonizing species use which of the following processes to acquire food?
photosynthesis
To which trophic level do elk belong?
primary consumer
Which process do elk and other Yellowstone animals use to convert energy in their food into ATP?
cellular respiration
Which of the following conditions does not contribute to the higher survival rate of elk during a mild winter?
Death rates are low in other herbivore populations.
What is the primary type of interaction among the various scavenger species in Yellowstone?
competition
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