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Sharlow Honors History Term 4 Exam
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Terms in this set (76)
Pol Pot
Communist Leader from Cambodia
led the Khmer Rouge genocide of Cambodians during Vietnam War
Vietnam War
occurred because of the policy of containment
N. Vietnam had invaded S. Vietnam who was supported by US
Dr. Livingstone
explorer who trekked through uncharted regions
goal was to find a navigable river to open up Central Africa to trade and Christianity
Iwo Jima
Japanese navy base that Americans were trying to take by island hopping
Corazon Aquino
Philippines
wife of opposition leader Benigno Aquino who was killed by Marcos
became president and worked for democracy
Ferdinand Marcos
president of the Philippines
caused fraud and corruption
killed Benigno Aquino
5 Year Plan
Stalin's plan
designed to industrialize the USSR & speed up farm production
No-Man's Land
land between two opposing trenches
Mein Kampf
Hitler's autobiography
written while he was in prison
Sudetenland
part of Czechoslovakia inhabited mostly by Germans
taken back by Germany
Anschluss
when Germany annexed Austria
Self-Determination
US allowed the new countries to choose which type of government they wanted
United Nations
an organization of countries that would work to keep peace
Battle of Stalingrad
German sixth army lost this battle (most elite military force)
marked the end of Germany's invasion
Marshall Plan
plan to restore the economic stability of Europe
Superpower
a state with a dominant position in international relations
characterized by its ability to exert influence or power on a global scale
Pearl Harbor
Japan bombs the shores of Hawaii
Holocaust
murder of 6 million Jews by the Nazis
Khmer Rouge
genocide in Cambodia
led by Pol Pot
Heinrich Himmler
leader of the SS (Nazi secret police)
Mao Zedong
communist leader of China
created the Great Leap Forward
Kamikaze
suicide mission
young Japanese pilots flew planes into US fighting ships
OPEC
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
wanted to end western oil country
embargoed US for supporting Israel
Soviet Union
also called the USSR
later became Russia
fought against US in Cold War
Détente
phase of relaxed tensions and improved relations between two adversaries
Mobilization
process of getting troops and supplies ready for war
Cold War
period of political tension following WWII and ending with the fall of Communism in the Soviet Union
Chiang Kai-shek
Chinese nationalist in charge during WWII
fled to Taiwan after defeat
Saddam Hussein
Iraqi dictator
took advantage of the Islamic Revolution in Iran to take a border area
sparked a long war
Ho Chi Minh
communist leader of North Vietnam
Panama's independence
Roosevelt supported a rebellion for Panama to separate from Columbia and become its own nation
US was given a strip of land
Joseph Stalin
successor of Lenin in the USSR
sent thousands to labor camps in Siberia and executed those who opposed him
Winston Churchill
Prime Minister of Britain during WWI
allied with US and gave Iron Curtain speech
Nikita Khrushchev
Soviet leader during the Cuban Missile Crisis
denounced Stalin and allowed criticism
Fidel Castro
communist leader of Cuba during the Cold War
overthrew the previous dictator and set up a totalitarian regime
Franz Ferdinand
archduke of Austria-Hungary and was killed by a Serbian
his assassination was the immediate cause of WWI
Leonid Brezhnev
Krushchev's successor who help power for almost 20 years
known for arresting and imprisoning his critics
exploration
economic expansion
political
ideological
military
religious
Motives for imperialism
exploration
Motives for imperialism:
countries sent out explorers to find new territories and trade routes
economic expansion
Motives for Imperialism:
increase agricultural production and export more goods
political
Motives for Imperialism:
make a country more powerful by expanding their political power over a specific region
ideological
Motives for Imperialism:
countries believed that their own superiority gave them the right to take the land and resources of others
military
Motives for Imperialism:
claim territory to protect the empire and boost national pride and security
religious
Motives for Imperialism:
desire to spread christianity, european values, and slave trade in Africa
protect their interests
Why did the US send military to Latin America?
low wages
high taxes
How did colonial powers treat their subject?
"peace without victory"
League of Nations
goals or ideas of President Wilson
Armenian Genocide
the Ottoman government accused Armenians of supporting the Russians and killed almost 1 million people
militarism
alliances
imperialism
nationalism
MAIN causes of WWI
militarism
everyone was building up their armies to protect themselves
alliances
if one country got into a war a lot of other countries were sucked in because of promises they make to protect each other
imperialism
everyone wanted more and more land - there was bound to be some fighting because of territory issues
nationalism
the countries that were imperialized wanted their own countries
took advantage of corrupt governments and destroyed economies
How did dictators rise to power?
resources
the reason Japan invaded China and Manchuria
economically crushed Europe
What was the economic impact of WWII on Europe?
destroyed land, resources, economy
effects of total war on the homefront
economies and resources within their own countries
What did governments control during total war?
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
the end of the war in the Pacific
frighten citizens
weaken morale
motive for bombing citizens
good wives and mothers
Role of women in total war (Nazi)
work in factories and have jobs
role of women in total war (American)
complete equality
worked in factories, fought in the war, received jobs
role of women in total war (Soviet)
slave labor
how Japan fueled their war effort
scared that Soviets would support Great Britain
why did Germany invade the Soviet Union?
East Europe
first ideological conflict between US and Soviet Union
South Vietnam
Who did the US support in the Vietnam War?
Tet Offensive
North Vietnam invaded the South when the South was not prepared
Chinese Civil War
Mao Zedong and the communists take control of China
Star Wars
defense initiative to protect the US from Soviet Attacks
Reagan's plan
support rebel groups in Afghanistan
How President Reagan "fought" the Soviets
Satellites protested
effect of Soviet exploitation on the satellite states
Bay of Pigs
US failed invasion of Cuba
Cuban Missile Crisis
Soviet Union placed missiles in Cuba after US placed missiles in Turkey
UN pressure on Klerk to end it
the end of apartheid in South Africa
over dependence on one resource
genocide and war
inability to unify
What hinders economic prosperity in many African nations
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