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AFOQT Aviation Information

Terms in this set (89)

Primary airfoils of the plane

The ____ edge of an airfoil is thicker and rounder than the ___ edge

Leading; trailing

The top surface of an airfoil has greater ____ than the bottom

Air flows more ___ over the top of the wing

Planes are designated as high-, mid-, and low-wing, depending ___

on where the wings are attached

Has sufficient internal support structures to keep it steady

Cantilever wing

Requires additional external support structures

Semi-cantilever

Has two control surfaces attached to it

Runs from the fuselage to the middle of the wing

Runs from the middle of the wing to the tip

The plane will roll when the ailerons and flaps are pointed in ___ directions

Distance from one wingtip to the other

Distance from leading edge to trailing edge

Runs through the wing from leading edge to trailing edge

Runs along the inside of the wing, so that parts of wing above and below it are equal in thickness

Mean camber line

Curvature of the airfoil

Thickness of a wing is measured at its ___ point

Shape of wings when viewed from overhead

The angle wings make when they are angled above the horizontal plane

A ___ dihedral wing angle keeps the plane stable when it rolls

The angle wings make when they are angled below the horizontal plane

Wings that are shaped rectangular, elliptical (rounded), or tapered

A ___ wing provides better handling at high speeds, but makes the plane slightly less stable at low speeds

A ___ wing requires very high takeoff and landing speed

Fuselage strength created by triangular arrangements of steel or aluminum tubing

Fuselage strength created by bulkheads, stringers, and formers

Support structure that runs the length of the fuselage

Support structure that runs perpendicular to the fuselage

Includes the vertical and horizontal stabilizers, elevators, rudders, and trim tabs

Tail assembly or empennage

Fixed (non-adjustable) surfaces that extend from the back end of the fuselage

Horizontal stabilizers

Positioned along the trailing edge of the horizontal stabilizers

Connected to the trailing edge of the vertical stabilizer

Movable surfaces that extend off the trailing edges of the rudder, elevators, and ailerons, and are used to make smaller adjustments

Arrangement with third wheel under the nose

Arrangement with third wheel under the tail

Part of the plane that supplies the thrust

Feeds extra fuel into the area between the turbines and rear exhaust

A ___ propeller cannot be adjusted by the pilot

A ___ propeller allows the pilot to adjust the pitch of the blades to alter amount of generated thrust

Some variable pitch propellers are designed to operate only at a single rotational speed, allowing the engine to be much simpler and more efficient, so the amount of thrust is controlled entirely by the pitch of the blades

Constant-speed propellers

Crankshafts turn the ___

The downward force that must be overcome for flight to take place

The weight that includes the aircraft and any internal/external equipment that will remain a part of the plane during flight

The basic weight plus the crew and any other nonexpendable items not included in the basic weight

Operating weight

Total weight of the aicraft and all contents at any given time

Weight of the airplane when it has no usable fuel

Zero fuel weight

Upward force of air pressure on the aircraft, primarily the wings

May be avoided by decreasing the angle of attack, so that normal airflow over the top of the wing is not interrupted

Speed required for generating lift

Resistance to forward movement provided by the air that the aircraft is travelling through

The drag that exists when any object moves through the air; the result of the plane pushing air aside as it moves

Drag that results from the wings generating lift

Lower temperatures, higher pressures, and lower humidity are all associated with ___ ___ air

Desnder air will produce ___ lift, but will also produce ___ drag

Flying into the wind

Flying same direction as the wind

Aircraft will have higher speed relative to the surrounding air, which means it will experience greater drag and lift forces

Aircraft will have lower speed relative to the surrounding air, will experience reduced drag and lift

Axis that extends from the centre forward toward the nose and rearward toward the tail

Longtitudinal (x)

Axis that extends from centre out to the right and left

Axis that extends straight upward and downward from the aircraft's center

Drifting of the nose caused by the extra drag on the downward-pointing aileron

The secondary flight control services include ___

the flaps and leading edge devices, spoilers, and trim systems

The three leading-edge devices

Fixed slats, moveable slats, and leading edge flaps

Attached to the wings in order to diminish the lift and increase the drag

Spoilers can also be useful for roll control, in part because they reduce ___

The four basic flight manuevers

Straight-and-level flight, turning, climbing, and descending

A turn of less than 20 degrees; plane will tend to try to stabilize

A turn of roughly 20 to 45 degrees; plane will stay in bank

A turn greater than 45 degrees; plane will increase bank

The function of a helicopter's tail rotor

The three controls of a helicopter

Cyclic (stick), the collective, and directional control system

Controls the longitudinal and lateral movement of the helicopter by adjusting the tilt of the main rotor

Located to the left of the pilot, a handle that affects the pitch, throttle, and controls the angle of the main rotor blades

Pair of pedals the pilot uses to alter the pitch of teh tail rotor blades

Directional control system

The extra lift a helicopter experiences when traveling in a forward direction

Translational lift

The increase in rotational speed that occurs when the weight of a spinning object moves closer to the rotational center

The result of the main rotor increasing the flow of air over the rear part of the main rotor disc, leaving a smaller angle of attack

Transverse flow effect

When a force is applied to a spinning disc, the effects occurring ninety degrees later

Gyroscopic precession

Runways at small airports with no markings

Runways that can provide feedback on the horizontal position

Nonprecision instrument runway

Runways that provide feedback on both the horizontal and vertical position

Precision instrument runway

A line of white lights mounted every 50 feet along the centerline

Runway Centerline Lighting System

From the ground these lights appear red, while they appear green from above

Runway end lights

Runway lights that change colour when the plane gets within a certain distance of the front end of the runway

Runway edge lights

Set of strobelights and/or lightbars that indicate the end of the runway from which descending aircraft should arrive

Approach Lighting System

Synchronized lights that flash at the runway thresholds

Runway end identification lights

A system where white lights indicate the lower glide path limits and red lights indicate the upper

Visual Approach Slope Indicators

A VASI Should be visible for ___ miles at night, and __ to __ miles during the day under normal conditions

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