10 terms
DKA and types of diabetes
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What signs will you see in someone with DKA?
Signs of dehydration: hypotension, tachycardia, low JVP
Signs of ketosis: Kussmaul breathing, fruity odour on breath
Signs of ketosis: Kussmaul breathing, fruity odour on breath
What do you expect to happen to the sodium levels in DKA?
Expect sodium to be low
If they are within normal ranges could mean severe dehydration
If they are within normal ranges could mean severe dehydration
What type of ketone is raised in DKA?
Beta-hydroxybutyrate rather than acetoacetate
What are the three pillars of DKA management?
Fluid replacement
Potassium replacement
Insulin replacement
Potassium replacement
Insulin replacement
When do you replace potassium in DKA?
Potassium <5mmol
What's the dosing of an insulin infusion in DKA?
IV 0.1 units/kg bolus followed by infusion of 0.1 units/kg per hour
What's the scariest manifestation of DKA?
Cerebral oedema
Why you shouldn't treat too aggressively w fluids and insulin
Why you shouldn't treat too aggressively w fluids and insulin
What's the definition of diabetes on fasting blood glucose, random glucose, glucose tolerance test, HbA1c?
Fasting glucose: >7
Random glucose: >11.1
HbA1c: >6.5%
Glucose tolerance test: >11.1
Random glucose: >11.1
HbA1c: >6.5%
Glucose tolerance test: >11.1
What the definition of pre-diabetes on fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance test, HbA1c?
Fasting glucose: 5.6-6.9
HbA1c: 5.7-6.4%
Glucose tolerance test: 7.8 - 11
HbA1c: 5.7-6.4%
Glucose tolerance test: 7.8 - 11
Which auto-antibodies do you test for in T1DM?
Islet cell antibodies
Most commonly tested are anti GAD65 and IA-2
Most commonly tested are anti GAD65 and IA-2