Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

Digestive System

Terms in this set (95)

Terminal Learning Objective:
-Enabling Learning Objectives
Given the digestive system, diagram the process of digestion and function of the organs within the system IAW Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology:

-Define terms related to the digestive system.

-Identify the general characteristics of the alimentary canal and accessory organs.

-Relate the structure of the walls of the alimentary canal to it's role in digestion.

-Contrast the structure and function of each of the components of the alimentary canal and the accessory organs.

-Locate the components of the digestive system.
Assimilation
The process by which nutrients from foods are taken into the cells of the body after the food has been digested and absorbed.
Absorption
The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood
Bolus
A term used to describe food after it has been chewed and mixed with saliva
Chyme
Partially digested, semiliquid food mixed with digestive enzymes and acids in the stomach.
Digestion
Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and used. There are two kinds.
Defecation
Elimination of feces
Ingestion
The intake of food from the environment into the alimentary canal
Mechanical Digestion
Physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces (chewing and intestinal compression)
Chemical Digestion
Process by which enzymes break down food into small molecules that the body can use (Stomach acid and saliva)
Digestive System
Extends from mouth to anus and consists of:
Alimentary Canal and Accessory Organs
Alimentary Canal
Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestines, Large Intestines, Rectum, and Anus.
Accessory Organs
Salivary Glands, Liver, Gallbladder, and Pancreas.
Alimentary Canal: Mouth
Hollow chamber with roof, floor, and walls.
Receives the food (ingestion) and begins mechanical (chewing) and chemical (saliva) digestion (chemical digestion of carbohydrates)
Alimentary Canal: Pharynx
Tube-like structure made of muscle and lined with mucous membranes
Connects nasal/oral cavities with larynx/ esophagus.
Three parts: Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, and Laryngopharynx
Recommended textbook explanations

Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology

12th EditionDavid N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis
1,633 explanations

Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology

8th EditionElaine N. Marieb
648 explanations

Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology

11th EditionElaine N. Marieb
613 explanations

Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology (NASTA EDITION)

12th EditionElaine Marieb, Suzanne Keller
642 explanations