Latin Exam

Terms in this set (40)

1st Declension Endings
a ae
ae arum
ae is
am as
ā is
a ae
2nd Declension Endings
us i
i orum
o is
um os
o is
e i
2nd Declension Neuter Endings
um a
i orum
o is
um a
o is
um a
3rd Declension Endings
-- es
is um
i ibus
em es
e ibus
-- es
3rd Declension Neuter Endings
-- a
is um
i ibus
-- a
e ibus
-- a
4th Declension Endings
us ūs
ūs uum
uī ibus
um ūs
ū ibus
us ūs
4th Declension Neuter Endings
ū ua
ūs uum
ū ibus
ū ua
ū ibus
ū ua
5th Declension Endings
es ēs
eī ērum
eī ēbus
em ēs
ē ēbus
es ēs
1st Person Personal Pronoun Singular
ego
meī
mihi
mē
mē
1st Person Personal Pronoun Plural
nōs
nostrī or nostrum
nōbīs
nōs
nōbīs
2nd Person Personal Pronoun Singular
tū
tuī
tibi
tē
tē
2nd Person Personal Pronoun Plural
vōs
vestrī or vestrum
vōbīs
vōs
vōbīs
3rd Person Personal Pronoun Singular
is ea id
eius eius eius
ei ei ei
eum eam id
eo eā eo
3rd Person Personal Pronoun Plural
ei eae ea
eorum earum eorum
eis eis eis
eos eas ea
eis eis eis
Ablative of Cause
- assigns blame
- cause of one being in a certain state
- NEVER
Ablative of Time When
- tells when something occurs
- NEVER
Ablative of Instrument/Means
- tells how something is done... "by means of" "by" "with" "in"
- NEVER
Ablative of Manner
- tells in what manner or how something is done
- SOMETIMES
Ablative of Separation
- tells separation using verbs and prepositions of freeing, lacking, separation
- SOMETIMES
Prepositional Phrase (ablative)
- ALWAYS
Ablative of Agent
- person or thing (agent) by which the action of a passive verb is preformed
- ALWAYS
Ablative of Place from Which
- describes active motion away from a place
- ALWAYS
Ablative of Accompaniment
- tells with whom someone is doing something
- only uses "cum"
- ALWAYS
1st Person Singular Possessive Adjectives
meus, mea meum
1st Person Plural Possessive Adjectives
noster, nostra, nostrum
2nd Person Singular Possessive Adjectives
tuus, tua, tuum
2nd Person Plural Possessive Adjectives
vester, vestra, vestrum
3rd Person Singular Possessive Adjectives
eius, eia, eium
3rd Person Plural Possessive Adjectives
eōrum, eārum, eōrum
M/F Adjective Endings
same as nouns EXCEPT ablative singular (i) and genitive plural (ium)
N Adjective Endings
same as nouns EXCEPT ablative singular (i), nominative, accusative, and vocative plural (ia), and genitive plural (ium)
ACTIVE Present Tense Endings
o mus
s tis
t nt
- does VERB
- VERBs
- is VERBing
ACTIVE Imperfect Tense Endings
bam bamus
bas batis
bat bant
- was VERBing
- used to VERB
- kept VERBing
- began to VERB
- did VERB
ACTIVE Future Tense Endings
1st & 2nd:
bō bimus
bis bitis
bit bunt

3rd & 4th:
am ēmus
ēs ētis
ēt ēnt

- will VERB
- shall VERB
ACTIVE Perfect Tense Endings
i imus
isti istis
it erunt

- has/have VERBed
ACTIVE Pluperfect Tense Endings
eram eramus
eras eratis
erat erant

- had VERBed
ACTIVE Future Perfect Tense Endings
erō erimus
eris eritis
erit erint

- will have VERBed
PASSIVE Present Tense Endings
r mur
ris mini
tur ntur

3rd & -io:
r mur
eris mini
tur untur

- to be VERBed
PASSIVE Imperfect Tense Endings
bar bamur
baris bamini
batur bantur

3rd -io & 4th
ebar ebamur
ebaris ebamini
ebatur ebantur

- I was being VERBed
- I used to be VERB
- I kept being VERBed
- I was VERBed
TRANSLATION
"I am a Roman" says Mucius, "citizen.
The men call me Mucius.
I was wanting to kill you the enemy.
I was not fearing your soldiers.
I am not afraid of death now.
The Romans are not afraid of the force of the enemies.
There are many Romans similar to me and prepared to do that, which I was not able to do.
Therefore you should always fear our citizens.
You wage war against us not only in camp, but also at home, where the hidden enemies seek you."
The king is moved with anger.
He orders the Etruscan soldiers to put fires near Mucius.
Then the king says, "Are you telling me that there is danger for me from my hidden enemies?"
"I am saying that there is a danger for you now from the fires!
You ought to be afraid of the fires now, unless you say the names of the hidden enemies to me immediately!"
However, Mucius suddenly puts his right hand into the fire.
There it was remaining and he was not showing pain.
The astonished king sees the right hand of Mucius consumed in the flames.
Then the king decides to free Mucius: for he understands that he is very brave and judges that such bravery is not able to be conquered.
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