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cardio path staph aureus, right sided endocarditis, IVDU

Terms in this set (9)

What kind of endocarditis is seen in IVDU?
Staphylococcus aureus can cause right-sided endocarditis in intravenous drug users (IVDUs). In patients other than IVDUs, S aureurs disseminates from a primary disease process (eg, abscess, infected central line) and moves by hematogenous spread to the endocardium. S. aureus settles on the valve leaflets due to blood vlow turbulence at these sites. S aureus can cause perforations in the heart valves, rupture the chordae tendinae, and send septic emboli to the lung (with right heart endocarditis) or to the brain and systemic circulation (with left heart endocarditis). This patient with fever is an IVDR with a holosystolic murmur that increases with inspiration (likely tricuspid regurgitation) and multiple lung opacities (liekely septic emboli). She likely has S aureus endocarditis.
Candida endocarditis
Candida endocarditis (rare) is typically a severe manifestation of candidemia, with septic emboli to the brain, extremities, and gastrointestial tract. Patients whjo are IVDUs, have prosthetic heart valves, or have indwelling lines are at increased risk of infection.
Culture negative endocarditis is due to what?
Culture negavie endocarditis- due to Bartonella, Coxiella, Myucoplasma, Histoplasma, Chlamydia, or the HACEK organisms (Haemophilus, Actinobaccilus, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, and Kingella), among others - would be much less likely than S aureus endocarditis.
Steptococcus pneumonia and Klebsiella pneumonia typically cause what?
Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae typically cause pneumonia, Klebsiella can also lead to urinary tract infections.
What does Nocardiosis cause?
Nocardiosis typically affects the lungs (cavitary lesions), brain (brain abcess), or skin and is mostly in immunocompromised patients.
Peptostreptococcus causes?
Peptostreptococcus causes anaerobic infections (dental, cutaneous, intrabdominal).
Steptococcus gallolyticus (formerly S bovis) is associated with what?
Streptococcus gallolyticus (formerly S bovis) is part of the normal flora of the colon, and bacteremia or endocarditis caused by S. bovis is associated with colon cancer.
Streptococcus viridans endocarditis usually follows what kind of work?
Strptococcus viridans is the most common etiologic agen in subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE) following dental work. SBE occus most requently in patients with a preexisting valvular abnormality (eg, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart malformations). The presentation is typically subacute (over weeks rather than days)
What does Staphylococcus aureus can cause in the heart?
Staphyylococcus aureus causes acute bacterial endocarditis with rapid onset of symptoms, including shaking chills (rigors), high fever, dyspnea on exertion, and malais. In intravenous drug users, it can cause right-sided endocarditis with septic embolization into the lungs.
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