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oper manage

Terms in this set (47)

project
nonrepetitive set directed toward a unique goal within a limited time frame
CAM (computer aided manufacturing)
use of computers in process control
Constraint
limits the performance of a process or system in achieving its goals
Certainty (218)
Relevant parameters have known values
Uncertainty (218)
impossibility to assess likelihood of various future events
Decision Tree (221)
schematic representation of the available alternatives and their possible consequences.Used to involve sequential decisions.
Sensitivity Analysis (224)
Determines the range of probability for which an alternative has the best expected payoff. It helps the decision maker to indicate how sensitive the choice of an alternative changes values.
Job enrichment (291)
gives a worker a larger portion of the total task to complete "horizontal loading". Additional work is on the same level of skill and responsibility as the original job.
Job rotation (291)
workers exchange jobs or tasks to avoid being bored of doing the same tasks continuously.
Job Enrichment (291)
increasing responsibility for planning and coordinating tasks. "Vertical loading".Example: cashier ringing, sacking groceries, pushing baskets.
Job design (289)
specifies contents and methods of jobs ..(what will be done in a job, who will do the job, how the job will be done, and where the job will be done)
Job design objectives
elements school of thoughts
---productivity, safety, quality of work life
---efficiency (emphasize systematic,logical approach to job design), behavioral (emphasize needs and wants)
goods (3)
physical items produced by business (raw materials,parts, subassemblies) organization
services (3)
activities provide combination of time,location,form,psychological value
Key factors of work life (294)
--
Ergonomics (293)
human factors in the design of the workplace...how employees complete tasks through physical, cognitive, and organizational being...safe movement while on the job for better productivity
self directed teams (292)
groups empowered to make certain changes in their work processes..group making their own decisions based on their previous experience and involvement to changes for better quality
time base system (296)
compensation base on time an employee has worked during a pay period.
Output base system (296)
compensate employees base on the amount of output an employee produced during a pay period
knowledge base pay (299)
used by organizations to reward workers who undergo training that increases their skills. based in knowledge and skill that the worker possess
Father of motion
Frank Gilbreth. motion that can be applied to any task
inventor of theory of x/y (how employees view work)
Douglas Mcgregor...theory x (negative:workers dont like working or must bebribr to do good work)...theory y (positive:workers enjoy working and are committed)
Created motivation studies
Abraham Maslow
life cycle (196)
intro: determining the size of the market and share
growth:rate which organization market share grows
maturity:stable market shares
decline:eliminating under use of capacity
profit
financial gain, especially the difference between the amount earned and the amount spent in buying, operating, or producing something
supply chain (4)
sequence of activities and organizations involved in producing and delivering a good or service
bottleneck operation (197)
sequence whose capacity is lower than that of other operations
location choices can impact:
capacity and flexibility
profit oriented organization base their decisions on.
non profit organizations achieve a balance between:
profit potential
cost and customer service they provide
location facility affects:
layout, cost, logistics, labor, political stability, regulations
CAD (computer aided design)
product design using computer graphics
A _____ usually operates on a small scale.Its used when a low volume of high variety of goods or services will be needed
job shop
_______ is used when a moderate volume of goods or services is desired, and it can handle a moderate variety in products or services
batch processing
higher volumes of more standardized goods or services are needed,repetitive processing is used
repetitive
high volume of nondiscrete, highly standardized output is desired
continous
layout in which the product of project Remains Stationary and workers,materials, and equipment are moved as needed
fixed position layout
why do companies recycle?
cost savings, environmental concerns or regulation
clustering
similar types of businesses located near each other
Main advantages of product layouts (252)
-high rate of return
-low unit cost due to high volume
-labor specislization
-low material handling cost per unit
-High utilization of labor and equipment
-est. of routing and scheduling initial design of the system
-fairly routine accounting, purchasing, inventory control
when to use hearing protection
85 deciphells
OSHA
act that controls employees safety and hazardous environments
effective capacity (188)
design capacity -allowances such as personal time,equipment, delays due to scheduling problems
determinants of effective capacity (189-190)
facilities:size and provision for expansion
product/service factors:more uniform output,more opportunities for standardization of methods and materials.
process:increase quality/productivity in increased capacity
human:tasks make up a job,training,skills,experience to perform a job
policy:not allowing capacity..ex:overtime
operational:
supply chain:
external:
center of gravity method in facility method (356)
method for locating a distribution center that minimizes distribution cost
what makes global location attractive (340)
-trade agreements:barriers ti international trade
-technology
1st step in capacity planning process (192)
estimate future capacity requirements
in-house or outsource high demand and steady (195)
available capacity,expertise, quality consideration,nature of demand, cost, risks
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