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DFA AP Music Theory Ch 1

Terms in this set (39)

c clef
used on any line to denote Middle C
alto clef
third line of the staff is Middle C
tenor clef
fourth line of the staff is Middle C
soprano clef
first line of the staff is Middle C
mezzo soprano clef
second line of the staff is Middle C
baritone clef
fifth line of the staff is Middle C
double sharp
raises the note two 1/2 steps, or a whole step
double flat
lowers the note two 1/2 steps, or a whole step
enharmonic equivalents
same pitch but different names
tie
curved line that connects two adjacent notes of the same pitch into a single sound with a duration equal to the sum of both note values
dot
lengthens the note by 1/2 again its note value
second dot
lengthens the dotted note value by 1/2 the length of the first dot
simple meter
each beat is divided into 2 parts
compound meter
each beat is divided into 3 parts
duple meter
2 beats per measure
triple meter
3 beats per measure
quadruple meter
4 beats per
assymetrical meter
pulse cannot be divided into equal groups of 2, 3, or 4; upper number is generally 5 or 7
syncopation
when part of the measure that is normally unaccented is accented
pp
pianissimo - very soft
p
piano - soft
mp
mezzo piano - moderately soft
f
forte - loud
ff
fortissimo - very loud
crescendo (cresc)
gradually louder
decrescendo (decresc) or diminuendo (dim)
gradually softer
sfz or sf
sudden accent
mf
mezzo forte - somewhat loud
sfp
sforzando piano - sudden accent followed immediately by soft
fp
fortepiano - loud followed immediately by soft
rubato
taking liberties with tempo
andante
walking tempo
andantino
slightly faster than andante and slightly slower than moderato
moderato
moderately
allegro
144 beats per minute
vivace
lively or brisk
presto
very quickly
accelerando
gradually faster
ritardando
gradually slower
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