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AP Human Geography Chapter 12 Vocab Rubenstein

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Basic Industries
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Terms in this set (22)
Basic Industries
Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.
Image: Basic Industries
Business services
Services that primarily meet the needs of other businesses.
Image: Business services
Central Place
A market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding area.
Image: Central Place
Central Place theory
A theory that explains the distribution of services, based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel farther.
Image: Central Place theory
City-State
A sovereign state comprising a city and its immediate hinterland..
Image: City-State
Clustered rural settlement
A rural settlement in which the houses and farm buildings of each family are situated close to each other and fields surround the settlement.
Image: Clustered rural settlement
Consumer Services
Businesses that provide services primarily to individual consumers, including retail services and personal services.
Image: Consumer Services
Dispersed rural settlement
A rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages.
Image: Dispersed rural settlement
Economic base
A community's collection of basic industries.
Image: Economic base
Enclosure movement
The process of consolidating small landholdings into a smaller number of larger farms in England during the eighteenth century.
Image: Enclosure movement
Gravity model
A model that holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service.
Image: Gravity model
Market area (or hinterland)
The area surrounding a central place, from which people are attracted to use the place's goods and services.
Image: Market area (or hinterland)
Nonbasic Industries
Industries that sell their products primarily to consumers in the community.
Image: Nonbasic Industries
Primate City
The largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement.
Image: Primate City
Primate city rule
A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the largest settlement has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement.
Image: Primate city rule

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