Dysphonia/Laryngeal Disorders

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Dysphonia

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Terms in this set (24)

This is another word for hoarseness
-Disorder characterized by altered vocal quality, pitch, loudness or vocal effort that impairs communication or reduces vocal related QOL

Laryngeal Anatomy

9 cartilages + Hyoid Bone
-Thyroid, cricoid and epiglottic cartilages
-Paired arytenoid (vocal cord motion)
-corniculate
-cuneform

Extrinsic Muscles:
-Supra and Infrahyoid constrictors and cricothyroid

Intrinsic
-Posterior cricoarytenoid (only one that opens up the vocal cords)
-Lateral cricoarytenoid (Acts to close the glottis)
-Thyroarytenoid
-these control the arytenoid cartilages

Cricothyroid muscles are responsible for controlling the pitch of the voice

Nerve Supply:
-Motor supply comes from CN X
-RLN supplies the intrinsic muscles
-EXT SLN supplies the cricothyroid muscle (adduction)
-Sensation above is SLN
-Below is RLN

Vibration
-Comes from vocal fold layers rubbing together to produce sound
-3 layers of lamina propria over vocalis muscle is what supplies it

Laryngeal Physiology

3 Functions:
-Conduit for air from the lungs to the outside
-Valve to protect the lungs
-Communication by making sound

Important historical Features

Chronology
Family History
Psychology
Medical History-Medications, Reflux, Smoking, Surgery, Radiation therapy
Vocal use- job, recreational activities
Trauma

Physical Exam

Complete Head and Neck Exam
Listen to the Voice
3 month guideline for laryngoscopy
Laryngoscopy
-Mirror
-Flexible Endoscopy
-Rigid Endoscopy