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Unit 3 Health and Human Development

Terms in this set (60)

Health
A state of complete physical, social and mental wellbeing, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Health Status
An individual or population's overall level of health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors
Physical Health
Relates to the efficient functioning of the body and it's systems
Social Health
Being able to interact with others and participate in the community in an independent and cooperative way
Mental Health
State of wellbeing where an individual realizes his/her own ability, can cope with everyday stress, works productively and fruitfully, making a positive contribution to his/her own community
Life Expectancy
An indication of how long a person is predicted to live. It is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change.
HALE
A measure of burden of disease, based on life expectancy at birth, but including an adjustment for time spent in poor health
Health Promotion
A process of enabling people to take control of their own health to prevent disease and improve health
Mortality
The number of deaths caused by a particular condition or factor
Under 5 Mortality
The number of deaths of children under five years of age, per 1000 live births
Morbidity
Refers to ill health in an individual or levels of ill health in a population
Burden of Disease
A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries
DALY
A measure of burden of disease. One DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to disability, premature death or illness.
Prevalence
Number or proportion of cases of a particular diseases or conditions present in a population at a given time
Incidence
The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specific time
Biological Determinants
Age, gender, Blood Cholesterol, Hypertension
Behavioural Determinants
Alcohol or drug use, Physical activity levels, nutritional intake, risk taking
Social Determinants
Socio-economic status, Access to healthcare, Access to recreational facitilites, food security, occupation
Physical Environment
Air Quality, Pollution, Infrustructure, Geographic location (access to), Passive smoking, Workplace environment
Causes of Mortality in Australia
Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, Respiratory Diseases, Diabetes
Indigenous Australians
Have a Life Expectancy approximately 10years less than the overall population
Socio-Economic Status
Comprises of elements of Occupation, Income and Education
Food Insecurity
Lacking access to a continuous, safe, culturally appropriate and nutritionally adequate food supply
Gap amount
Difference between the Medicare benefit and the schedule fee
Schedule Fee
A fee set by the government for a health service
Cancer control
NHPA where QUIT is a health promotion program
Hypertension
High Blood Pressure
HDL
'Good Cholesterol' carries cholesterol away from the arteries
LDL
Bad Cholesterol. Allows cholesterol and resulting plaque to build up in arteries
Cerebrovascular Disease
Type of Cardiovascular disease where the blood flow to the brain is impacted
Injury prevention and Control
NHPA where KidSafe is a health promotion program
Life!
A Diabetes Mellitus initiative
Obesity
A BMI in excess of 30
Macronutrients
Nutrients made up of molecules needed by the body in high quantities
Micronutrients
Nutrients made up of molecules needed by the body in relatively small quantities
Simple
Type of Carbohydrate than causes rapid increase in blood sugar levels
Complex
Type of Carbohydrate that causes sustained energy release
Glycemic Index
Ranking of CHO based foods according to how they impact blood glucose levels
Amino Acid
Smallest unit of a protein
Glucose
Smallest unit of a carbohydrate
Saturated Fat
Converts into cholesterol and can increase the risk of heart disease
Trans Fats
A mono or polyunsaturated fat that has undergone a process called hydrogenation
Soluble Fibre
Makes you feel fuller for longer
Insoluble Fibre
Assists in maintaining regular bowel function and reduces risk of colorectal cancer
Osteoporosis
Protective nutrients include Calcium, Vitamin D, Phosphorus and Protein
Social Model of Health
A framework where improvements to health occur by addressing the social, economic and environmental determinants of health
Ottawa Charter for health promotion
An approach to promoting health that identifies three basic strategies; enabling, mediating and advocating
Build Healthy Public Policy
Reducing speed zones near schools is an example of this element
Creating Supportive environments
Providing mothers support groups is an example of this element
Promote Healthy Eating
A VicHealth Priority
Accessible
Value of the Australian Healthcare System
Medicare
Aims to provide all Australians to access to essential healthcare services, regardless of age and income.
Bulk Billing
Accepting the Medicare benefit as full payment for the use of a health service
Lifetime Health Cover
Initiative from the government to purchase private health insurance before the July of your 31st birthday to prevent paying higher premiums
Medicare Levy
2% of taxable income
Medicare Levy Surcharge
1-1.5% of taxable income (means tested) for high income earners who don't have private health insurance
Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme
Subsidises the cost of a range of essential prescription medications
Australian Dietary Guidelines
Enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods
Australian Guide to healthy eating
visual representation of the food groups in proportions that should be consumed daily
Nutrition Australia
Produced the Healthy Eating Pyramid
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