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Chapter 28 Hazardous Materials : Overview
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Terms in this set (44)
A state that opts to supersede safety and health regulations put forth by federal OSHA is known as a(n) __________ state
state-plan
An occupancy or facility where there is high potential for loss of life or serious impact to the community resulting from a chemical release is described as a(n) __________ hazard
target
Approximately how many chemicals are registered for commercial use in the United States?
80,000
By which acronym are the federal regulations detailing hazardous materials response competencies collectively known
HAZWOPER
Compared to other types of incidents to which first responders are commonly called, hazardous material incidents typically
are more complicated
Defensive hazardous materials operations are those actions taken to
contain the release from a safe distance
How are hazardous materials regulations created
They are issued by government bodies such as OSHA and the EPA
Ideally, when should response to a hazardous materials incident begin
During preincident planning
In general, which factor has the most influence on the actions taken at a hazardous materials incident
The properties of the specific chemicals involved
In hazardous materials preincident planning, once the agency has identified the threats in its jurisdiction, what should the agency do next
Determine how it will respond
OSHA requires refresher training for hazardous materials responders once every _____ months
12
The bulk of the new chemicals introduced each year fall into one of three categories. Which of the following is one of them
Lawn care products
The DOT definition of hazardous materials focuses on those materials that are
not properly controlled
The HAZWOPER regulations are found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title
29
The NFPA defines optional mission-specific competencies for which level of hazardous materials responder
Operations
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A four-cylinder spark-ignition engine has a compression ratio of 10.5, and each cylinder has a maximum volume of 0.4 L. At the beginning of the compression pro- cess, the air is at 98 kPa and $37^{\circ} \mathrm{C},$ and the maximum temperature in the cycle is 2100 K. Assuming the engine to operate on the ideal Otto cycle, determine (a ) the amount of heat supplied per cylinder, (b) the thermal efficiency, and (c) the number of revolutions per minute required for a net power output of 45 kW. Assume variable specific heats for air.
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How does the COP of a cascade refrigeration system compare to the COP of a simple vapor-compression cycle operating between the same pressure limits?
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A coal from Utah which has an ultimate analysis (by mass) of 61.40 percent C, 5.79 percent $H_{2},$ 25.31 percent $O_{2},$ 1.09 percent $N_{2},$ 1.41 percent S, and 5.00 percent ash (non-combustibles) is burned with the stoichiometric amount of air, but the combustion is incomplete. with 5 percent of the carbon in the fuel forming carbon monoxide. Calculate the mass fraction and the apparent molecular weight of the products and the mass of air required per unit mass of fuel burned.
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