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Psychology 1010-Ohio University-People/Vocab Chapter 1

Terms in this set (36)

Plato
NATIVISM: Certain types of knowledge you're born with
Aristotle
PHILISOPHICAL EMPIRICISM: All knowledge is required through experience
William James
"Created psychology" The study of the soul; philosophy and study of the mind
FUNCTIONALISM: The study of purpose the mental processes serve
Rene Descartes
DUALISM: Mental activity can be reconciled and coordinated with physical behavior (body and mind are 2 different things)
Thomas Hobbs
Body and mind work as one... "The mind is what the brain does"
Paul Boca
Mental lives are products of the physical workings of the brain
Herman Von Helmholtz
The method of measuring nerve impulses
William Wundt
1st psychology lab at the University of Leipzig; STRUCTURALISM: The analysis of basic elements that constitute the mind
Used introspection
Jean-Martin Charcot
Studied hysteria
Sigmund Freud
Theory that hysteria came from painful childhood memories that the person couldn't remember; unconscious thoughts
John Watson, Ian Pavolov
Behaviorism: what people do rather than what they say
Max Wertheimer, Kurt Lewin
Founders of cognitive psychology
Karl Lashley
Founded behavioral neroscience
Mary Whiton Calkins
1st APA president
Kenneth B. Clark
African American who studied discrimination and segregation
Psychology
The scientific study of the mind
Mind
The private inner experience of perceptions, thoughts, memories, and feelings
Behavior
Observable Actions of human beings and non-animal humans
Nativism
view that certain kinds of knowledge are innate or inborn
Philosophical Empiricism
view that all knowledge is acquired through experience
Structuralism
The analysis of basic elements that constitute the mind
Introspection
The subjective observation of one's own experience
Functionalism
The study of the purpose mental processes serve in enabling people to adapt to their environment
Natural Selection
Charles Darwin's theory that the features of an organism that help it survive and reproduce are more likely than other features to be passed down
Unconscious
The part of the mind that operates outside of awareness, but influence conscious thoughts and actions
Psychoanalytic Theory
Emphasizes the importance of unconscious thoughts shaping emotions and feelings
Psychoanalysis
Therapeutic approach that emphasizes on bringing unconscious thoughts into conscious awareness
Humanistic psychology
Understanding human nature that emphasizes the positive potential of human beings
Behaviorism
Study of observable behavior only
Gestalt psychology
we perceive the whole world rather than the sums of its parts
Cognitive Psychology
Study of mental processes, including: perception, thought, memory, and reasoning
Behavioral neroscience
Links psychological processes to activities in the nervous system and other bodily processes
Cognitive neroscience
Attempts to understand the links between cognitive processes and brain activity
Evolutionary psychology
explains mind and behavior in terms of the adaptive value of abilities that are preserved overtime by natural selection
Social psychology
The causes and consequences of sociality
Culture psychology
how cultures reflect and shape the psychological processes and their members
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