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Chapter 9: The Progressive Era

Terms in this set (25)

Progressive Movement
an early 20th century reform movement seeking to return control of the government to the people, to restore economic opportunities, and to correct injustices in American life
Florence Kelley
An advocate for improving the lives of women and children. Appointed chief inspector of factories in Illinois.
prohibition
the banning of the manufacture, sale, and possession of alcoholic beverages
Muckraker
Magazine journalists who exposed the corrupt side of business and public life in the early 1900s
Scientific Management
the application of scientific principles to increase efficiency in the workplace
Robert M. La Follette
governor of Wisconsin who regulated big businesses like the railroad industry
Seventeenth Amendment
1913 constitutional amendment allowing American voters to directly elect US senators
Suffrage
the right to vote
Susan B. Anthony
social reformer who campaigned for womens rights, the temperance, and was an abolitionist, helped form the National Woman Suffrage Association
Upton Sinclair
Muckraker who shocked the nation when he published The Jungle, a novel that revealed gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago.
Theodore Roosevelt
26th president, known for: conservationism, trust-busting, Hepburn Act, safe food regulations, "Square Deal,"
Square Deal
President Theodore Roosevelt's program of progressive reforms designed to protect the common people against big business
Meat Inspection Act
a law, enacted in 1906, that established strict cleanliness requirements for meatpackers and created a federal meat-inspection program
Pure Food & Drug Act
A law enacted in 1906 to halt the sale of contaminated foods and drugs and to ensure truth in labeling
Conservation
the planned management of natural resources, involving the protection of some wilderness areas & the development of others for the common good
NAACP
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, founded in 1909 to work for racial equality
Gifford Pinchot
head of the U.S. Forest Service under Roosevelt, who believed that it was possible to make use of natural resources while conserving them
William Howard Taft
27th president of the U.S.; he angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms and by supporting the Payne-Aldrich Tariff
Payne-Aldrich Tariff
a set of tax regulations, enacted by Congress in 1909, that failed to significantly reduce tariffs on manufactured goods
Bull Moose Party
nickname for the new Progressive Party, which was formed to support Roosevelt in the election of 1912
Woodrow Wilson
28th President of the United States, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs
Clayton Antitrust Act
1914 law that made certain business practices illegal (price discrimination or discounts for buying in large volumes) and protected the rights of labor unions and farm organizations
Federal Trade Commission
Federal agency established in 1914 to investigate and stop unfair business practices
Federal Reserve System
national banking system, established in 1913, that controls the US money supply and the availability of credit in the country
Nineteenth Amendment
the constitutional amendment adopted in 1920 that guarantees women the right to vote.
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