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Intro to Philosophy

Terms in this set (43)

In a sound argument, the conclusion is
probably true.
necessarily true.
valid.
strong.
necessarily true
Which of the following was one of the three anchor points of rationalism?
Scientific knowledge is the only kind of knowledge there is.
The fundamental truths about the world can be known a priori.
There is no God.
The reasons we have for our beliefs are nothing more than human opinions.
There is no God
Kant tried to form a compromise between rationalism and empiricism.
True
False
True
Descartes decided to suspend judgment concerning any belief if he could:
be certain the belief was false
think of any possibility that the belief could be mistaken
see that the truth or falsity of the belief was not important
see that most people during his time did not accept the belief
think of any possibility that the belief could be mistaken
Three of the six criteria the book discussed for evaluating philosophical claims are
cultural consensus, convincingness, clarity.
clarity, consistency, comprehensiveness.
centrality, comprehensiveness, cultural consensus.
compatibility, conviction, centrality.
clarity, consistency, comprehensiveness
who said "Each one of us is a measure of what is and of what is not"?
Quine
Protagoras
Plato
Nietzsche
Protagoras
Where does the dialogue, "The Apology" take place?
Lydia
Paris
Athens
Sparta.
Athens
According to Descartes, the significance of dreams is
we sometimes arrive at the solution to problems in our dreams.
we learn about our hidden desires in our dreams.
there is no way to distinguish dreaming from being awake.
dreams are provoked by events in the external world.
there is no way to distinguish dreaming from being awake
In discussing "inference to the best explanation," the text pointed out that
philosophy makes use of this method, but science does not.
science makes use of this method, but philosophy does not.
both science and philosophy make use of this method.
religion makes use of this method, but science and philosophy do not.
both science and philosophy make use of this method
In his initial examination of his beliefs, the one thing that Descartes could not doubt was that
he had a body.
he was doubting.
2 + 3 = 5.
he was awake and not dreaming.
he was doubting
A central teaching of the Sophists was
the importance of caring for one's own soul.
it is better to be morally good than successful by society's standards.
skepticism concerning our ability to know what is true or good.
the impossibility of finding happiness.
the importance of caring for one's own soul
Socrates believed he was wiser than anyone else in Athens because he
knew he was ignorant
had found the ultimate truth, using the Socratic method.
realized that all opinions are equally true.
did not believe in any god.
had found the ultimate truth, using the Socratic method
Which of the following philosophers is not considered a pragmatist?
Locke
James
Pierce
Dewey
Locke
The criterion of "compatibility" evaluates a philosophy in terms of its compatibility with
the answers of other philosophers.
well-established facts and theories.
a vision of life that is emotionally satisfying.
the laws of logic.
well-established facts and theories
Socrates undermines Thrasymachus's definition of justice by
showing that it leads to a contradiction.
arguing that most people would be unlikely to accept it.
demonstrating that it would violate the laws of Athens.
arguing that adopting it would lead to social instability.
arguing that most people would be unlikely to accept it
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