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Chemistry Chapter 1 and 2 Test

Terms in this set (45)

What is chemistry?
The study of composition, structure, properties of matter, etc.
What does chemistry classify into?
Mixtures and Substances
What is a mixture?
A blend of two or more kinds of substances.
What is a pure substance?
A fixed composition and that only has itself in a mixture.
__________ is anything that has mass and takes up space.
matter
__________ is a measure of the amount of matter.
mass
A(n) __________ is the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element.
atom
A(n) __________ is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simple stable substances, and is made from the atoms of two or more elements.
element
A __________ is a substance that can be broken down into simple stable substances and is made from the atoms of two or more elements.
compound
Give examples of elements:
Carbon, Helium, Uranium, Magnesium
Give examples of compounds:
Water, acetone, sugar, table salt.
__________ __________ are uniform in composition. They are also solutions.
Homogeneous mixtures
__________ __________ are not uniform throughout the substance.
Heterogeneous mixtures
o0o0o0o0o0
0o0o0o0o0o
o0o0o0o0o0
0o0o0o0o0o

what is this an example of?
Homogeneous mixture
ooO0oO0o0oO
0OooO000Ooo
o00Oo0oO00o
oo0ooOo0o00
what is this an example of?
Heterogeneous mixture
A __________ of water is a characteristic used to define a substance
property
__________ properties depend on the amount of matter that is present.
Extensive
__________ properties of not depend on the amount of matter present.
Intensive
Give examples of intensive properties:
melting point, boiling point, density, ability to conduct to electricity.
Give examples of extensive properties:
volume, mass, amount of energy in a substance.
A __________ __________ is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance.
physical property
A __________ _________ in a substance does not alter the identity of the substance.
physical change
Give examples of physical properties:
melting point, boiling point
Give examples of physical change:
grinding, cutting
A __________ _______ relates to a substance's ability to undergo changes that transform into different substances.
chemical property
A _________ ________ occurs when one or more substances are converted into different substances.
chemical reaction
Give examples of chemical property:
flammability, reactivity
Give examples of chemical reaction:
iron rusting
When did all scientists agree on a single measurement system now known as the SI Units of measurements?
1960
What does SI mean?
International System of Units
Quantity: Unit Symbol
Length
Mass
Temperature
Time
Amount of Substance
Electric Current
Luminous Intensity
Units: Symbol:
meters m
kilograms kg
Kelvin K
seconds s
moles mol
amperes A
candelas cd
Convert:
12.75 Mm= km
.0036L= µL
81.9cm^2= m^2'
12750km
3.6µL
.00818m^2
How many significant figures are in these problems?
325
0.7
1.325
32006
.0572
1200.00
3
1
4
5
3
6
What is the formula for density?
D=m/v
________ refers to the closeness of measurements to the correct or accepted value of the quantity measured
accuracy
_________ refers to the closeness of a set of measurements of the same quality made in the same way.
precision
A ___________ is a substance that has definite composition or is used or produced in a chemical process
chemical
The three major states of matter are ________, ________, and _______.
solids, liquids, gasses
In a periodic table, ________ are columns, and ________ are rows.
groups, periods
An element is classified into ________, _____-__________, ______________, and ________ ________. They can be ________, _______________, and ________.
metals, nonmetals, metalloids, noble gases
shiny, malleable, ductile
The ____________ _________ is a logical approach to solving problems that lend themselves to investigations.
scientific method
A _____________ is a testable statement that serves as the basis for predictions and further experiments.
hypothesis
A ________ is a broad generalization that explains a body known facts or phenomena.
theory
__________ is measured by the gravitational pull on matter.
Weight
______________ _______ is the difference between the experimental and the accepted value that is divided by the accepted value and then multiplied by 100.
percentage error
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