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600 to 1450 part 2

Terms in this set (50)

ulama
Orthodox religious scholars within Islam; pressed for a more conservative and restrictive theology; increasingly opposed to non-Islamic ideas and scientific thinking
Al-Ghazali
Brilliant Islamic theologian; struggled to fuse Greek and Qur'anic traditions; not entirely accepted by ulama
Mongols
Central Asian nomadic peoples; smashed Truko-Persian kingdoms; captured Baghdad in 1258 and killed last Abbasid caliph
Chinggis Khan
Born in 1170s in decades following death of Kabul Khan; elected khagan of all Mongol tribes in 1206; responsible for conquest of northern kingdoms of China, territories as far west as the Abbasid regions; died 1227, prior to conquest of most of Islamic world
Hulegu
Ruler of the Ilkhan khanate grandson to Chinggis Khan; responsible for capture and destruction of Baghdad in 1257
Mamluks
Muslim slave warriors; established a dynasty in Egypt; defeated the Mongols at Ain Jult in 1260 and halted Mongol advance
Muhammad ibn Qasim
Arab general; conquered Sind in India; declared region and the Indus valley to be part of the Umayyad Empire
Mahmud of Ghazni
Third ruler of Turkish slave dynasty in Afghanistan; led invasions of northern India; credited with sacking one of wealthiest of Hindu temples in northern India; gave Muslims reputation for intolerance and aggression
Muhammad of Ghurur
(1173-1206) Military commander of Persian extraction who ruled small mountain kingdom in Afghanistan; began process of conquest of northern India; brought much of Indus valley, Sind and northwestern India under his control
Qutb-ud-din Aibak
Lieutenant of Muhammad of Ghur; established kingdom in India with capital at Delphi; proclaimed himself Sultan of India
bhaktic cults
Hindu groups dedicated to gods and goddesses; stressed the importance of strong emotional bonds between devotees and the god or goddess who was the object of their veneration; most widely worshiped gods were Shiva and Vishnu
Mira Bai
celebrated Hindu writer of religious poetry; reflected openness of bhaktic cults to women
Kabir
(1440-1518) Muslim mystic; played down the importance of ritual differences between Hinduism and Islam
Malacca
Portuguese factory or fortified trade town located on the tip of the Malayan peninsula; traditionally a center for trade among the southeastern Asian islands
Shrivijava
trading empire centered on Malacca Straits between Malaya and Sumatra; controlled trade of empire; Buddhist government resistant to Muslim missionaries; fall opened up southeastern Asia to Muslim conversion
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