Nations and empires

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empire
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Terms in this set (21)
empire
A country that grows by taking over land belonging to other countries (for example, the Roman empire and the British empire)
colony
Land controlled by an empire (for example, India was a colony of Britain's)
imperialism
Strong feelings of loyalty to one's own empire, often combined with the belief that it is entitled to rule over others
nation
A group of people with shared language, history, and culture
nationalist
Someone who feels strong pride in his or her nation
Image: nationalist
nationalism
A feeling of strong pride in one's nation, often combined with the belief that it is different from and better than other nations
nationality
People who belong to a nation and live within a larger nation or empire (for example, Serbs in Austria and Jews in Russia); another word for ethnic group
unify
To combine small countries into one large country; in the 1860s, Germany and Italy were both unified.
monarchy
Government in which a king or queen has power
parliament
In many governments, the parliament is the representative assembly that makes the laws; the leader of parliament is the country's prime minister
Otto von BismarckPrussian leader responsible for unifying the German Empire in 1871 and then leading it until 1890liberalPerson who wants to protect and extend individual rights; supporter of moderate changeconservativePerson who wants to maintain traditions and keep society as it is; opponent of changeQueen VictoriaBritain's queen from 1837 until 1901; she ruled the world's largest empire at a time of rapid changeWilhelm IIGerman emperor ("Kaiser") who wanted to strengthen the German nation by enlarging its army, navy, and empire. He ruled from 1888 to 1918 and led Germany during World War One.PrussiaKingdom in northern Germany (in yellow) that unified small countries in central Europe, creating the German Empire in 1871Austrian empireAnother name for the Austro-Hungarian Empire; a country in central Europe that included many nationalities, including Poles, Hungarians, Serbs, and CzechsOttoman EmpireIslamic empire created in the 1300s; it controlled parts of North Africa, the Middle East, and the Balkans; in the 1800s, its control of the Balkans weakened as small, Christian nationalities gained independenceBalkansCountries in southeast Europe that were created as the Ottoman Empire broke up in the 1800s; Austria and Russia competed to control the Balkans; conflicts in the Balkans led to World War OneRussian EmpireWorld's largest country in 1914; ruled by an emperor ("Czar"); its empire included many nationalities within its border (including Poles and Jews)SerbiaA country in the Balkans just south of Austria; many Serb people also lived in the Austrian empire; Serbs spoke Slavic, followed Orthodox Christianity, and was friendly with Russia