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Brianna Introduction to digital technology words

Terms in this set (25)

computer
n electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program.
data
the quantities, characters, or symbols on which operations are performed by a computer, being stored and transmitted in the form of electrical signals and recorded on magnetic, optical, or mechanical recording media.
information
what is conveyed or represented by a particular arrangement or sequence of things.
information processing cycle
information processing cycle The sequence of events in processing information, which includes (1) input, (2) processing, (3) storage and (4) output. The input stage can be further broken down into acquisition, data entry and validation.
hardware
tools, machinery, and other durable equipment.
Input devices
Keyboard.
Image scanner.
Microphone.
Pointing device. Graphics tablet. Joystick. Light pen. Mouse. Optical. Pointing stick. Touchpad. Touchscreen. Trackball.
Webcam. Softcam.
Refreshable braille display.
output devices
Monitor.
Printer.
Plotter.
Projector.
Speaker.
Headphones.
Light / LED.
storage devices
The retention of data on a item
Hard disk.
DVDs.
CDs.
Magnetic tape.
Flash memory (USB memory sticks)
cloud storage
Cloud storage is a cloud computing model in which data is stored on remote servers accessed from the Internet, or "cloud." It is maintained, operated and managed by a cloud storage service provider on a storage servers that are built on virtualization techniques.
central processing unit
the part of a computer in which operations are controlled and executed.
processing
operate on (computer data) by means of a program.
microprocessor
an integrated circuit that contains all the functions of a central processing unit of a computer.
computer memory
Computer memory is any physical device capable of storing information temporarily or permanently. For example, Random Access Memory (RAM), is a volatile memory that stores information on an integrated circuit used by the operating system, software, and hardware.
random access memory
AM (pronounced ramm) is an acronym for random access memory, a type of computer memory that can be accessed randomly; that is, any byte of memory can be accessed without touching the preceding bytes. RAM is the most common type of memory found in computers and other devices, such as printers.
cache memory
an auxiliary memory from which high-speed retrieval is possible.
motherboard
a printed circuit board containing the principal components of a computer or other device, with connectors into which other circuit boards can be slotted.
communication devices
A communication device is piece of equipment or hardware designed to move information or data from one place to another, in other words, allowing one computer device to communicate with another.
application software
Application software is a program or group of programs designed for end users. These programs are divided into two classes: system software and application software.
system software
System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer's hardware and application programs. If we think of the computer system as a layered model, the system software is the interface between the hardware and user applications.
desktop computer
A desktop computer is a personal computer that fits on or under a desk. They usually consist of a monitor, keyboard, mouse and either a horizontal or vertical (tower) form factor. Unlike a laptop, which is portable, a desktop computer is meant to stay at one location.
laptop
a computer that is portable and suitable for use while traveling.
tablet
A tablet computer, commonly shortened to tablet, is a thin, flat mobile computer with a touchscreen display, which in 2016 is usually color, processing circuitry, and a rechargeable battery in a single device.
netbook
a small laptop computer designed primarily for accessing Internet-based applications.
supercomputer
a particularly powerful mainframe computer.
embedded computers
An embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts. Embedded systems control many devices in common use today.
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