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Amsco AP US History Chapter 2

Terms in this set (49)

corporate colonies
colonies operated by joint-stock companies, at least during these colonies' early years (jamestown)
royal colonies
colonies under the direct authority and rule of the king's government (virginia after 1624)
proprietary colonies
colonies under the authority of individuals granted charters of ownership by the king (maryland and pennsylvania)
chesapeake colonies
located on either side of the chesapeake bay, chartered by king charles i in 1632, control given to george calvert (lord baltimore); included maryland and virginia
george calvert (lord baltimore)
granted control of maryland as a reward for his loyal service to the crown
cecil calvert (lord baltimore)
set about implenting his father's plan, adopted the act of toleration in 1649
act of toleration 1649
first colonial statute granting religious freedom to all christians but persecuting those who denied christianity
virginia
first of england's colonies, struggled with economic and political problems (bacon's rebellion)
sir william berkeley
royal governor of virginia, adopted policies that favored large planters and used dictatorial powers, antagonized backwoods farmers and failed to protect them from indian raids
bacon's rebellion
caused by resentment of the economic and political control, farmers attacked indians, government accused the farmers of rebelling against loyal authority,
indentured servant
young people agreed to work for a specific period in return for room and board, under contract with a master or landowner who paid for thier passage
headright system
method for attacting immigrants, virginia offered 50 acres of land to (1) each immigrant who paid for his own passage and (2) anhy plantation owner who paid for an immigrant's passage
slavery
1660s-virginia house of burgesses enacted laws that discriminated between blacks and whites,
roger williams
founded the settlement of providence, respected puritan minister
providence
colony that recognized rights of the native americans and paid them for the use of their land, provided for complete religious toleration
anne hutchinson
question the doctrines of the puritan authorities, believed in antinomianism, founded portsmouth
antinomianism
the idea that faith alone, not deeds, is necessary for salvation
rhode island
1644-charter from the english parliament joined providence and portsmouth together, offered religious toleration
thomas hooker
led a large group of boston puritans into the valley and founded the colony of hartford in 1636
fundamental orders of connecticut 1639
first written constitution in american history-established a representative government consisted of a legislature elected by popular vote and a governor chose by that legislature
john davenport
founded new haven in the connecticut valley in 1637
connecticut
attracted other settlers who were unhappy with the massachusetts authorities, the royal charter granted a limited degree of self-government
new hampshire
separtaed from the bay colony in hopes of increasing royal control over the colonies by king charles ii (1679)
halfway covenant
people could take part in church services and activities without making a formal declaration of their total belief in christ
new england confederation
faced with the threat of attack by the indians, dutch, french; plymouth, massachusetts bay, connecticut, and new haven formed a military alliance
wampanoags
attacked the english settlers and resulted in a vicious war
metacom; king phillip
chief of the wampanoags
king phillip's war
indians attacked english settlers, thousands were killed, ending the native american resistance in new england
restoration colonies
colonies founded in the late 17th century during the period in english history known as the restoration
the carolinas
land granted to 9 nobles by charles ii as a reward for helping him gain the throne
rice plantation
in south carolina, worked by african slaves, resembled the economy and culture of the west indies
tobacco farms
northern carolinas, small and self-sufficient
new york
1664-duke of york took control of the dutch and renamed the colony, had broad civil and political rights including a representative assembly
new jersey
lord john berkeley and sir george carteret given this land by james, sold to the quakers
pennsylvania
william penn, a quaker, was paid in the from of a grant for this land
quakers
members of the religious society of friends, believed in the equality of all men and women, nonviolence and resistance to military service, widely persecuted
william penn
founded pennsylvania in 1681
holy experiment
penn wanted to test ideas he had developed based on his quaker beliefs
frame of government 1682-1683
guaranteed a representative assembly elected by landowners, and a written constitution
charter of liberties 1701
guaranteed freedom of worship for all and unrestricted immigration (penn's holy experiment)
delaware
1702-penn granted the lower three counties of pennsylvania their own assembly, which created this colony
georgia
last of the brisith colonies and only one to receive direct financial support from the home government in london
james olgethorpe
founded georgia, acted as the colony's first governor
mercantilism
looked upon trade, colonies, and the accumulation of wealth as the basis for a country's military and political strength
navigation acts
a mercantilist policy (1) trade to and from the colonies could be carried only by englihs ro colonial-built ships (2) all goods imported could only pass through england ports (3) specified goods could only be exported to england
dominion of new england
1686-james ii combined new york, new jersey, and other colonies into a single unit in order to increase royal control
sir edmond andros
governor of the dominion of new england, levyied taxes, limited town meetings, revoked land titles
glorious revolution
becuase of james ii's attempts to assert his royal power, william and mary replaced him in 1688
triangular trade
rum sailed to west africa; slaves sent to the west indies; sugar sent to new england
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...