People and A nation Chapter 2

Oldest continuously inhabited european settlement in the united states.
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Terms in this set (24)
Oldest continuously inhabited european settlement in the united states.
St.. Augustine
Juan de Onate
a Mexican born adventurer that led a group of about five hundred soldiers and settlers to New Mexico. They began to torture, murder, and rape Acoma and Acoma killed several soldiers including Juan's son. The invaders responded by killing more than eight hundred people and capturing the remaining. Some had one foot amputated.
Why did Europeans try to gain and retain control of such the volcanic islands that suffered constant hurricanes?
SUGAR!
Henry VIII
(1491-1547) King of England from 1509 to 1547; his desire to annul his marriage led to a conflict with the pope, England's break with the Roman Catholic Church, and its embrace of Protestantism. Henry established the Church of England in 1532.
Protestant Reformation
16th century series of religious actions which led to establishment of the Protestant churches. Led by Martin Luther
Puritans
A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England. They came to America for religious freedom and settled Massachusetts Bay.
Separatists
wanted to leave the church entirely because they believed the english reformation had not gone far enough. Wanted to abolish the church hierarchy all together. wanted to confine church to those that god had selected for salvation before birth.
Stuart Monarch
James and Charles I had less tolerance for Puritans and Separatists.
John Calvin and Martin Luther
rejected catholic rituals denying the need for an elaborate church hierarchy, insisted that people could interpret the bible for themselves-stimulated the spread of literacy. They also asserted that the key to salvation was faith in god rather than a combination of faith and good works.
Virginia Company
The first joint-stock company in the colonies; founded Jamestown-earned little money.
Chesapeakefamilies were few, small and short lived. Schooling was "haphazard". indentured servants-slaves.John Smith & Founder of JamestownHis leadership and strict discipline helped the Virginia colony get through the difficult first winter (society of gentlemen who didn't want to work).Powhatan ConfederacyAlliance of Native American tribes living in the region of the initial Virginia settlement. Powhatan, leader of this alliance, tried to live in peace with the English settlers when they arrived in 1607.- traded but fights broke out and the English kidnapped Powhatans daughter Pocahontas.PocahontasA native Indian of America, daughter of Chief Powahatan, who was one of the first to marry an Englishman, John Rolfe, and return to England with him; about 1595-1617; Pocahontas' brave actions in saving an Englishman paved the way for many positive English and Native relations.Algonquians vs EnglishEnglish men regarded indian men as lazy because they did not cultivate crops and spent much of their time hunting (seen as a sport to english). English thought women were oppressed because they did heavy field labor. Algonquians land held communally and english had more individual farmsWilliam Bradford &PlymouthA Pilgrim, the second governor of the Plymouth colony, 1621-1657.OpechancanoughPowhatan brother who launched a series of attacks on the James river after observing english attempt to expand and covert natives to christianity.New Englandinspired by religion. PURITANS AND SEPARATISTSMayflowerA document written by the Pilgrims establishing themselves as a political society and setting guidelines for self-government.John Winthrop & Government of Massachusetts Bay ColonyAs governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, Winthrop (1588-1649) was instrumental in forming the colony's government and shaping its legislative policy. He envisioned the colony, centered in present-day Boston, as a "city upon a hill" from which Puritans would spread religious righteousness throughout the world.Roger Williamsa separatist that migrated to Mass. Bay and said the king had no right to grant land already occupied by indians. and that the church and state should be kept separate. Puritans should not impose religious beliefs on others. he was banished and founded the town of providence.Anne Hutchinsona dissenter who held meetings at her home where she emphasized the covenant of grace and asserted that the elect could be assured salvation and communicate directly with god. She threatened religious orthodoxy and gender roles. (puritans viewed women as inferior to men).Pequot Warconflict between the Pequot tribe against english colonists. They were moving closer and closer to the Pequot tribe area and conflicts arise over unfair trading and destruction of crops; Ended up killing Pequot tribeKing Philip's WarA series of battles in New Hampshire between the colonists and the Wompanowogs, led by a chief known as King Philip. The war was started when the Massachusetts government tried to assert court jurisdiction over the local Indians. The colonists won with the help of the Mohawks, and this victory opened up additional Indian lands for expansion.