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Kim and Hirsch (1997)

Terms in this set (18)

What is localization of function?
The idea that different parts of the brain do different things
What is Broca's area?
Broca studied a man who had a stroke whocould only say the word tan.
After he died, Broca did an autopsy which showed the damaged area of the brain.
Where is Broca's area in the brain?
The left frontal lobe
What is Wernicke's area?
Wrenicke studied the language comprehension, which is important for the ability to communicate.
Where is Wernicke's area in the brain?
Left posterior superior temporal gyrus
What was Kim and Hirsch's sample?
12 bilingual participants - 9 males, 3 females with a mean age of 29.3 years
six early bilinguals
six late bilinguals
What was the IV conditions of Kim and Hirsch's experiment?
Being early or late bilinguals
What was the DV conditions of Kim and Hirsch's experiment?
The brains activity
What method did Kim and Hirsch use?
Quasi conducted in a lab
What design was Kim and Hirsch's experiment?
Independent - participants took part in one part of the experiment
What was the procedure used in Kim and Hirsch's experiment?
Used a fMRI scanner to scan the participants brian whilst silent-speaking their native language and second language in turn
What were the findings used in Kim and Hirsch's experiment?
Different areas of the brain were used for the two languages in Broca's area for late bilinguals
Wrenkles area showed little or no separation of activity for the different areas of the brain for early bilinguals
What did Kim and Hirsch's conclude from their experiment?
The brain uses different strategies for learning languages depending on age
What are the limitations of using silent-sentence generation task?
Don't know which language they're speaking
Different areas of the brain may be used when speaking aloud
Why might the use of a fMRI be considered unethical?
Loud
Uncomfortable as you have to stay very still for a long period of time
Claustrophobia
Why does the use of an fMRI lower the ecological validity of the results?
Unnatural behavior
Individual differences
Silent-sentence task
What might be the issue of using a quasi experiment?
Can't control individual differences such as different personalities / ages / health conditions / fluency / complexity of language
Why did they not recruit participants at an early age?
Expensive
Time consuming
May not cooperate
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