Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

Integumentary Disorders Exam #1

Terms in this set (41)

What are the three types of physical manifestation structures of an integumentary disorder?
- Flat
- Elevated containing free fluid
- Elevated palpable lesions
What are the two types of flat manifestations?
1. Macule - up to 1cm, don't feel anything when you run your finger over it (freckle)
2. Patch - larger than 1cm (vitiligo)
What are the three elevated containing free fluid types of manifestations?
1. Vesicle - up to 1cm, serous fluid (varicella)
2. Bulla - greater than 1cm, serous fluid (blister)
3. Pustule - filled with purulent exudate (acne)
What are the four types of elevated palpable lesions?
1. Papule - up to 1cm (wart)
2. Plaque - larger than 1cm (psoriasis)
3. Nodule - tumor
4. Wheal (insect bite)
What is the clinical term for itching?
Pruritis
What are three age-related integumentary changes?
1. Skin tag - area where skin protrudes; benign
2. Keratosis - horny overgrowth of skin, areas that get a lot of sun
3. Lentigo - "age spot"; extra pigmentation
What are two classes of fungal infectious processes?
1. Tinea
2. Candidiasis
What are four common types of tinea?
1. Tinea corporis - body "jock itch"
2. Tinea capitis - head
3. Tinea pedia - feet "athletes foot"
4. Tinea ungiunim - nails
What is Candidiasis?
Affects the mucous membrane in the mouth or around the mouth; "thrush"
What is a bacterial infectious integumentary disorder?
- Impetigo
- Commonly seen in children
- Treated with topical antibiotic
What are three viral integumentary disorders?
1. Verrucae - warts
2. Herpes simplex - genital warts
3. Herpes Zoster - "Shingles"
What is acne vugaris?
- Pilosebaceous unit gets clogged with dirt
- Comedones; blackheads
- Papules, pustules, nodules, cysts
What are the four allergic/hypersensitivity disorders?
1. Contact dermititis
2. Eczema
3. Urticaria
4. Angioedema
What is contact dermatitis?
- Allergic/Hypersensitivity Disorder
- Inflammation of the skin when someone comes in contact with an irritant
- This belt buckle probably irritated the person
- Do not have to have a diagnosable allergy to contract this
What is eczema?
- Atopic Dermatitis; genetic
- Rash that lasts for days or weeks or months
- Deep within the skin; oozes
What is urticaria?
- "Hives"
- Allergic response to some type of exposure either internally or externally
- Transient reaction
What is angioedema?
- Very bad case of urticaria
- Blood vessels below the skin dilate and swell
- Itchy and painful
What is psoriasis?
- T-cell mediated autoimmune
- Red, thickened plaques with overlying white scale
- Affects 2.6% of people
What are two types of arthropod infestations?
1. Scabies
2. Pediculosis
What is scabies?
- Tiny mite that can grow under the skin and cause irritation and inflammation
- In areas of skin folds
- Raised itchy lesions
What is pediculosis?
- "Head lice"
- Lay their eggs in hair and hatch
- Hatched lice will bite underlying skin and cause irritation and inflammation
What is skin nevi?
- Freckle; flat mole
-Related to amount of lifelong sun exposure
What are the two types of carcinoma?
- Basal
- Squamous
What is basal cell carcinoma?
- Most common skin cancer
- Least malignant
What is squamous cell carcinoma?
- Can spread but not until late in the cancer
What is malignant melanoma?
- Fatal
- Spreads to all parts of the body including organs
- May die in a few years
What are the risk factors for malignant melanoma?
- Fair skin
- Family history
- Blistering sunburns in childhood
- Intermittent sun exposure
- Atypical mole/dysplastic nevi
- Tanning salons
What is the ABCD system of identifying melanoma?
- Asymmetry
- Border irregularity
- Color; non-uniform pigmentation
- Diameter; greater than 6mm
What is lyme disease?
- Systemic disorder
- Caused by bite from deer tick
- Erythema migrans; "bulls-eye rash"
What are the five systemic skin disorders?
1. Lyme disease
2. Systemic lupus erythematosus
3. Scleroderma
4. Purpura
5. Neurofribromatosis
What is systemic lupus erythematosus?
- Affects many parts of the body
- Autoimmune
- Butterfly rash
What is scleroderma?
- Autoimmune
- Thickening of the skin
- Tight and stretched skin
- Hard looking
- Fatal
- Systemic
What is purpura?
- Type of bruising seen with many blood disorders
- Can be seen in children with low platelet levels
- Systemic
What is neurofibromatosis?
- Tumors on the nerves under the skin
- Systemic
What is Rubella?
- Childhood skin disorder
- German Measles; 3 day measles
- Head to toe rash
- Acute; only lasts a couple days
What is Rubeola?
- Regular measles
- Head to toe rash
- Can persist for a long time; more serious than rubella
What is Varicella?
- Chickenpox
- Raised lesions with clear fluid
- Pink area with vesicles on top of it
- "Tear drop on a rose petal"
What is Prickly heat?
- Childhood skin disorder
- Mild transient rash seen during hot times
- Usually seen on the chest and back
What is a decubitus ulcer?
- Caused by ischemia; lack of blood getting to a tissue
- Commonly known as bed sores
- Seen usually when people are sedimentary for long periods of time
- Most commonly seen in areas of bone prominence; pressure is highest at the surface of the bone
What actions will cause a decubitus ulcer to progress quickly?
- Friction and shearing forces
- Sliding of tissue layers
- Stretching and twisting of vessels
How many stages are there of a decubitus ulcer?
4
Other sets by this creator