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What is a neuron?

Terms in this set (19)

what is the soma of a cell?
part of the cell that contains the nucleus
what is the purpose of the dendrites on a cell?
dendrites receive messages from other neurons
What is the job of an axon in a cell?
an axon carries a message from the soma to the terminal buttons
What do the terminal buttons of a cell actually do?
the terminal buttons send messages from the current neuron to the next neuron.
What is the job of the myelin sheath?
this protects the axon and helps it send messages quickly.
do dendrites receive or send messages in a nerve cell?
receive
do terminal buttons receive or send messages in a nerve cell?
send
what type of neuron has one axon and many dendrites?
multipolar neuron
what type of neuron has one axon and only one dendrite tree?
bipolar neuron
what type of neuron has one axon divided into two branches?
unipolar neuron
Bipolar neurons are usually found in what sorts of systems?
sensory systems (visual/auditory systems)
An afferent neuron is one that carries information (to the/away from) the structure
to the structure
An efferent neuron is one that carries information (to the/away from) the structure
away from the structure
the supporting cells are also known as the...
glial cells
what are the functions of the glial cells?
to give support to the neurons, to take away waste and to give nutrients to the neurons
which glial cells are star-shaped?
astrocytes
what are the jobs of the astrocytes?
removal of waste and synchronising neurons
what is the job of the oligodendrocytes?
they create the myelin sheath
what is the job of the microglia?
they remove waste, viruses and fungi
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