The HOME was developed to assess the quality and quantity of stimulation and support available to a child in their home environment.
True
What is HOME?
Home Observational and Measurement of the Environment.
4 scales: Infant/toddler, Early childhood, Middle childhood, Early Adolescent
Developed to assess the quality and quantity of stimulation and support available to a child in their home environment.
Environments are hierarchical systems that include proximal and distal influences.
False...Ecological
When assessing a child's environment to plan intervention programs, you should consider how the environment affects the child and not how the child affects the environment.
False
How might you assist a family with developing safety rules within the home environment?
Home checklists- poisoning, suffocation, sharp objects, falling hazards, fire/electrical, firearms, drowning hazards.
What rationale do the authors of your text give as to why we assess aspects of a child's environment?
ensuring safety
improving quality
intervention purposes
The Quality of Inclusive Experiences Measurement (QIEM) is designed to assess what?
Individual child's experiences in an inclusive classroom rather than the experience of most children in the class
What is the purpose of assessing the quality of classroom environments?
observe interactions
classroom structure
staff and admin. characteristics
The central foundation of this approach is the concept of 'adaptive fit', which results from mutual acceptance between the individual and the environment.
Thurman's Ecological Congruence Model
This scale evaluates interactions and behaviors such as whether a teacher seems enthusiastic about the children's efforts or if he/she speaks warmly to the children.
The Arnet Scale of Caregiver Behavior
Functional Behavioral assessment
effective in developing appropriate positive behavioral intervention strategies
legally required when a child with a disability is subjected to certain types of disciplinary removals.
FBA is a continuous process for identifying what?
purpose or function of behavior
variables that influence behavior
components of an effective behavioral intervention plan
When would you use an FBA?
when legally required
challenging behaviors
when program ineffective
risk of harm or exclusion
when restrictive setting considered
repeated and serious behavior
Common functions of behaviors
escape or avoidance
justice or revenge
acceptance
power or control
self-expression
rewards
positive behavioral supports/interventions
modify environment
teach replacement skills
increase choices
cueing
providing predictable classroom routines
clear, consistent expectations
Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Theory of Human Development
Concentric circles with the child in the middle
Microsystem, Mesosystem, Exosystem , Macrosystem
Horowitz's Ecological Systems Theory
1. Environment as a stimulus array (amount, intensity, pattern &
variety).
2. Environment as variation in learning opportunity.
3. Environment as a social system (compare to Bronfenbrenner's Exosystem).
4. Environment as a cultural context (compare to Bronfenbrenner's
Macrosystem).
Thurman's Ecological Congruence Model
• The central foundation of this approach is the concept of 'adaptive fit,' which results from mutual acceptance between the individual & the environment.
• Three dimension of the model (occurs on a continuum):
1. The degree of deviance of the child's behaviors for a given context or setting.
2. The degree of child competence in doing functional tasks in that setting.
3. The degree of tolerance for difference by the child & by adult.
Rationale for assessing children's environments: Ensuring Safety
To prevent/decrease the instances of child injury/death
Leading causes of child injury
Falls
Being struck or crushed by something
Suffocation
Car accidents, drowning
Burns and fires
Improving Quality
quality of the home environment is related to children's outcomes on a range of measures
Intervention
Identify goals that are needed and necessary in the current environment
Identify additional goals for the current environment
Goal of home safety
to prevent child injury and death, and to assist families in protecting their young children
Home Inventory of Dangers & Safety Precautions-2 (HIDSP-2)
-14 categories, 30-60 minutes assessment
-2 components to injury: 1) identification & removal, and 2) use of precautions to prevent injury
Home Accident Prevention Inventory-Revised (HAPI-R)
completed by utilizing direct observation of the home environments by trained observers
We can use the information to:
- provide info to families regarding safety risks & precautions
- distribute checklists to families & encourage usage
- assist families with developing safety rules
- awareness
Early Childhood Environment Rating Scales-Revised (ECERS-R)
Direct observation of the classroom environment
-7 point rating scale
-2.5-5years of age
-Also includes additional versions (FDCRS, SACERS)
Assessing the home helps us identify the:
• Influences within the home environment on a child's development
• Effects of factors on a child's environment & development
• Effect of intervention programs & policy initiatives
Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale (CHAOS)
• Observational measure of the home environment
• Captures processes that occur related to the predictability order and consistency with in the home environment
What will be the basis for the development of Ohio's Alternate Assessment?
Ohio Academic Content Standards-Extented
What are statements of skills and knowledge that are reduced in complexity from the grade-level standards?
Extended standards
What statements describe the knowledge and skills that students should attain as the result of their educational experience?
academic content standards
What law mandates that ALL students must have access to, be involved in and make progress in the general curriculum?
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Ohio has developed extended standards that are applicable when designing instruction for students with significant cognitive disabilities. Why have these been developed?
to allow all students, even students with significant cognitive disabilities to be involved in and make progress in the general curriculum