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Abnormal Psych test 1 (from Lindsay)

Terms in this set (91)

What is trephaning/trepanning? How does this practice relate to early views of mental health?
Earliest form of treatment..Tools made of stone were used in this procedure to make a sizable hole in the skull, possibly permitting entrapped demons to escape. They believed mental health was caused by being possessed!
Know and describe the views of the Greek and Roman philosophers of mental health. For example, how did Hippocrates view mental health?
Greek and Roman physicians did not believe in spirit possession or supernatural explanations.

Hippocrates was one of the first to advocate naturalistic explanations for disturbed behaviors and that is was not caused by spirits/God but was just a disease.

Galen...proposed that psychological abnormalities were caused by imbalances of important bodily fluids called the four humors: Yellow bile, black bile, blood, and phlegm.
What are the four humors?
Yellow Bile (liver) : easily angered and with a hot temper (choleric)
Black Bile (spleen): sleep poorly and be depressed (melancholic)
Blood (heart): amorative and hopeful behavior (Sanguine)
Phlegm (brain): suppressed emotions and produced calm (phlegmatic)
How was mental health treated in relation to the four humors?
-Bleeding and purging and induced vomitting were techniques practiced to balance the fluids. Also rest, good nutrition, and exercise. Blood letting included vein opened at tongue or forefinger and 10 oz of blood removed. Leeches also applied to anus or vulva to prevent craziness.
What is moral management? How did moral management change treatment in the asylums?
Insane became regarded as normal people who had been exposed to severe stressors but still not great.
-less use or restraints, open wards and sunlight permitted, social and occupational therapies began to be used, psychotherapy became more prominent
Define and understand physiognomy
study of internal character from facial features
metoposcopy
determine character from facial wrinkles
phrenology.
study of the structure of the skull to determine a person's character and mental capacity
What is the biopsychosocial model of mental illness?
It is multi-dimensional and not just one aspect that causes it.
How does the biopsychosocial model influence our views of mental health today?
Combination of Biological, psychological (behavioral/emotional), and social
Define and understand the stress-diathesis model of mental illness.
Individuals inherit (genetic) tendencies toward certain traits or behaviors. Each of these inherited tendencies are called a diathesis or vulnerability.Stressors then activate these vulnerabilities which lead to a disorder.
How do genes and behavior interact in the diagnosis of mental health disorders?
Genes cause a person to act a certain way which will trigger the mental disorder. For instance, their genes will cause them to engage in more stressful activities which would trigger the diathesis for anxiety and lead to the anxiety disorder.
What is the reciprocal-gene environment model of mental illness?
...
Know the major tenets of each of the following frameworks in psychology:

psychoanalysis,
psychoanalysis- caused by unconscious conflict
libido (sexual instinct) and oedipal conflict (sexual attraction to the opposite-sex parent)

-id (immediate gratification/natural man/unconcious),
-ego (most conscious/mediate between the id and demands of eternal reality),
superego (societies view on what is normal/internalized and partially irrational representation of values)
behavioral/cognitive behavioral
(skinner) conditioned behavior
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