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SCUBA

Terms in this set (89)

Describing diving with the acronym SCUBA came from what event?
The Demand For the Regulator
The condition in which certain colors are diminished as depth increases is called:
Absorption
Salt water weighs ___ pounds per cubic foot and freshwater weighs ___ pounds per cubic foot.
64/62.5
If a flexible air-filled container has a volume of 40 cu ft on the surface, what would the volume be at 99 feet in sea water? (rounded off)
10 cu
One atmosphere of pressure is defined as:
*1 ATA
*Each 34ft Depth of Fresh water
*Each 33ft Depth of Salt water
Gauge pressure is defined as:
absolute pressure minus 1 ATA
The absolute pressure expressed in terms of atmospheres absolute at 33 feet in sea water is:
2 ATA
Which of the statements concerning sound transmission underwater is correct?
*Sound will travel farther underwater than air
*Divers find it difficult to locate the direction of a sound pronouncing source
*Sound travels four times faster underwater than in air
The greatest relative pressure change in sea water takes place between ____ and ____ feet.
0/33ft
Sinus squeeze can be prevented by:
Not diving with a cold
Earplugs:
Should never be worn when diving
The first symptom of a sinus squeeze is usually:
A sharp pain or wedging sensation above the eyes
If you experience pain in your ears during descent:
Stop the decent and ascend until the pain stops
Absolute pressure is defined as:
*The total pressure exerted on an object
The purpose of equalization is to:
Introduce additional air into body air spaces in response to increasing external pressure
The absolute pressure expressed in terms of atmospheres absolute at 99 feet in salt water is:
4 ATA
Proper equalization techniques must be learned in order to:
*Prevent ear pain
*prevent sinus squeeze
*prevent squeeze injuries
Underwater, the bending of light rays causes objects to appear to be:
closer
During normal diving activities, divers should never exceed an ascent rate of __ feet per minute.
30
The three Basic Rules of Scuba stated in the proper order of importance are:
Breathe continuously, ascend slowly and maintain control, and never dive alone or beyond your level of training (3 B's breath, bubbles, and buddy)
An object immersed in water will be buoyed upward by a force ______ the weight of the water it displaces.
equal to
A high pressure scuba cylinder should be stored:
secured and with a minimum of 500 to 750 psi
The most efficient breathing pattern for scuba diving is:
A deep balanced inhalation followed by a long balance exhalation without any pauses between inhalation and exhalation.
A scuba cylinder must be hydrostatically tested:
within fixed intervals set by local laws
A scuba tank for recreational diving should be filled with:
pure, filtered compressed air or nitrox
The three primary features to look for in a quality Exposure System are:
Thickness, fit and seam integrity.
Which of the following Total Diving System subsystems best describes the SCUBA unit?
the delivery system
The Information System components are:
Dive Computer, Analogue Instruments, if the Dive Computer does not supply all necessary information and SSI Total DiveLog
The Buoyancy Control System components are:
Buoyancy compensator, inflation device, and weight belt or BC weight pockets
The SSI Equipment Service Program is designed to:
Keep all of the components of the total diving system to optimal performance
Which of the following factors affect a diver's air consumption rate?
*extreme exertion of working heavily
*poor physical condition
*extreme stress brought on by improper response to anxiety-producing situations
One of the primary factors contributing to heat loss for divers is:
Convection
Assuming a consistent air consumption rate, diving at a pressure of 4 ata will use __ as much air as diving at 2 ata.
2 times
The Delivery System components are:
A regulator, alternate air source, and a high pressure scuba cylinder
Under the SSI Equipment Service Program, your Delivery System should be serviced and performance checked:
every year
The purpose of a BC is to:
*control ascent and descent rates
*maintain neutral buoyancy throughout the dive
*provide surface foatation
The transfer of oxygen and nitrogen into the bloodstream occurs through the walls of the:
Aveoli
Decompression sickness occurs when:
*A diver stays at a depth to long and surfaces to quickly
*Excess Nitrogen bubbles out of a solution into the blood and tissue
*The nitrogen tolerance tissue gradient is exceeded.
Dalton's Law can be paraphrased as:
The total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressures
Overexpansion injuries can be prevented by:
*Dive with a properly maintained high quality total diving system
*never holding your breath by diving
*Learning the correct breathing patterns reinforced in the classroom, pool, and open water training
The term gradient can be described as:
The difference between the internal partial pressure and the external partial pressure of a gas
If a flexible air-filled container at 100 feet of sea water has a volume of 10 cu ft, what would be the volume if it were transported to the surface?
40 cu ft
Gas can enter the bloodstream and cause serious damage to the lungs or even death by:
*Diving with Respiratory congestion
*Holding your breath while diving
*ascending to fast
The most serious lung overexpansion injury is:
mediastinal emphysema
Other symptoms of decompression sickness include:
*itchy skin
*numbness
*paralysis and loss of manual dexterity
Which of the following overexpansion injuries can be characterized by swelling in the neck area with a crackling sensation upon touching the swollen area?
Subcutaneous emphysema
The proper first aid for Arterial Gas embolism, Subcutaneous emphysema, Pneumothorax, and Mediastinal Emphysema is:
*seek proper medical aid
*watch vital signs, treat for shock, and stand by to administer cardio-pulmanary resuscitation
*administer oxygen
The only accepted treatment for Arterial Gas Embolism is:
stabilize victim in nearest medical facility and transport to decompression chamber for recompression
In air at 1 ata, the partial pressure of nitrogen is___, oxygen is_____.
0.79/o.21 ata
Haldanes theory that the human body can withstand a 2:1 pressure difference was revised by D Workman to a nitrogen ratio of:
1.58:1
The major, and most common, symptom of decompression sickness is:
joint pain
Which of the following overexpansion injuries can be characterized by chest pain, breathing difficulties, weakness, and cyanosis (blueness) of the lips and nail beds:
Mediastinal Emphysema and Pneumothorax
Rip currents are formed by:
Water breaks over sand bars and reefs near the beach and recedes through channels or cuts in the bars and reefs
Use of the SSI Total DiveLog is important because:
*It contains your medical history and provides important emergency information
*It is an important information resource for future dives
*It keeps an accurate record of you personal information and dives
Dive computers are essential for planning and executing dives because they:
*Help divers stay within the no-decompression limits
*Monitors ascents and descents
*record all pertinent information
When entering the water through the surf, dive buddy teams should:
Maintain physical contact and time entry to coincide with the lull between wave sets
The term repetitive dive is defined as:
Any dive started more than 10 minutes and less than 12 hours after a previous scuba dive
To use a compass to navigate to a sighted object:
Point the compass toward the object, rotate the bezel until the witness marks are over the magnetic needle, and follow the lubber line
Which of the following steps should be taken in the selection of a dive site:
*purpose of the dive
*degree of difficulty presented by the site
*Honest evaluation of your diving abilities and conditioning levels, as well as those of your buddy
You should perform a safety stop at 15 feet for 3 to 5 minutes on every dive.
true
Residual nitrogen is defined as:
the amount of excessive nitrogen dissolved in our blood stream and tissues after a dive
The term Surface Interval is defined as:
the amount of time the diver stays out of the water or on the surface between dives
If you lose contact with your buddy, you should:
Search for no more than a minute by durning 360 degrees and looking up and down and then preform a normal ascent to the surface
The reciprocal azimuth for an initial azimuth of 60º is:
240
The recommended max ascent rate is:
30 ft per minute
It is OK to share a computer with your dive buddy.
False
A dive computer keeps track of a diver's nitrogen absorption levels so that the diver can:
Stay within the no-decompression limits on each dive
The term No-decompression Limit is defined as:
The maximum allowed time at depth without having to preform a mandatory decompression stop during the ascent
The most important reason for planning your dives and executing the dive per your plan is to:
Prevent accidents
Two examples of soft corals are:
Black and Red Coral
Divers should avoid contact with all corals because:
*Contact can be harmful to the diver
*Touching corals will damage your equipment
*Contact can damage the coral
Coral reefs are formed by:
Coral animals called polyps that form skeletal structures
The most common injuries occur when:
An animal is surprised by a diver's actions and instinctively protects itself
The ocean is an important source of life because:
It is home to man of the first links in the Earth's food chain
When diving in Marine Protected Areas like Marine Parks, divers should:
Respect and follow the local marine park regulations
Divers can help protect the marine environment by:
*Maintaining neutral buoyancy at all times
*Keep equipment secured and no dangling
*always being a responsible diver
Two examples of hard corals are:
elkhorn and staghorn
More than ___ of Earth's oxygen is produced by marine plants.
85%
Examples of freshwater marine life include:
*Bass
*Crawfish
*Eel
If a diver is injured by harmful sea life, it is usually because of:
*The divers negligence
*The divers ignorance
*The
In an out of air emergency and your buddy is close enough, you should:
swim to your buddy, give the out of air signal and share air
To achieve the SSI Specialty Diver rating, a diver is required to:
complete any 2 specialty courses and log a total of 12 dives
Panic can be prevented by:
*Honestly evaluating your diving limitations
*Properly maintaining your total diving systenm
*Taking specialty training
A dependent action to take in response to an out of air emergency is:
Sharing air using the primary second stage and using the alternate air source for yourself
To achieve the SSI Master Diver rating, a diver is required to:
Be certified as an SSI Advanced Open Water Diver, complete the SSI Stress and Rescue Specialty Course, and log a total of 50 dives
The first thing you should do if you observe signs of panic in a diver underwater is:
locate your alternate air source in case it is needed.
The SSI Responsible Diver Code states that you should:
*Dive within the limits of your training and ability
*Be environmentally responsible on every dive
*Accept responsibility for your own well-being on every dive
The most important rule when assisting a panicked diver is:
Never needlessly endanger yourself
An independent action to take in response to an out of air emergency is:
A Controlled Swimming Ascent or emergency buoyancy ascent
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