Home
Subjects
Textbook solutions
Create
Study sets, textbooks, questions
Log in
Sign up
Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year
Science
Chemistry
Periodic Table of Elements
Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids
STUDY
Flashcards
Learn
Write
Spell
Test
PLAY
Match
Gravity
Terms in this set (17)
Periodic law
When the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties.
metal
One of a class of elements that are good conductors of heat and electric current; metals tend to be ductile, malleable, and shiny.
nonmetal
An element that tends to be a poor conductor of heat and electric current; nonmetals generally have properties opposite to those of metals.
metalloid
An element that tends to have properties that are similar to those of metals and nonmetals.
Alkali metal
Any metal in Group 1A of the periodic table.
Alkaline earth metal
Any metal of Group 2A of the periodic table.
halogen
A nonmetal in Group 7A of the periodic table.
Noble gas
An element in Group 8A of the periodic table.
Representative element
An element in an "A" group in the periodic table, as a group these elements display a wide range of physical and chemical properties. In their atoms, the s and p sublevels in the highest occupied energy level are partially filled.
Transition metal
One of the Group B elements in which the highest occupied "s" sublevel and nearby d sublevel generally contain electrons.
Inner transition metal
An element in the lanthanide or actinide series; the highest occupied s sublevel and nearby f sublevel of its atoms generally contain electrons.
Atomic radius
One-half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element when the atoms are joined.
ion
An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge.
cation
Any atom or group of atoms with a positive charge.
anion
Any atom or group of atoms with a negative charge.
Ionization energy
The energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its gaseous state.
electronegativity
The ability of an atom to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound.
Recommended textbook explanations
Foundations of Physical Science (Florida Edition)
3rd Edition
Tom C. Hsu
1,687 explanations
Science Fusion Ohio Student Edition Worktext Grade 8
1st Edition
Holt McDougal
421 explanations
Modern Chemistry
1st Edition
Sarquis, J., Sarquis, M.
2,184 explanations
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
8th Edition
Donald J. DeCoste, Steven S. Zumdahl
4,847 explanations
Sets with similar terms
Chemistry Chapter 6 Vocabulary
17 terms
Chapter 6 Vocab (Savannah Smith)
17 terms
Pearson Chemistry Chapter 6 Vocabulary
17 terms
chem 6
27 terms
Verified questions
CHEMISTRY
Predict whether the following single-replacement reactions will occur. If a reaction occurs, write a balanced equation for the reaction. $\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{HF}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow$
CHEMISTRY
A small pharmaceutical firm plans to manufacture a new drug and has hired you as a consultant to design a condenser to remove the drug from a gas–vapor mixture. The mixture, which contains 20 mole% of the drug and the balance nitrogen, will be fed to the condenser at 510 K and 1 atm at a rate of 3.5 L/s. Of the drug fed to the unit, 90% must be condensed. No physical property data are available for the drug, and part of your job is to acquire the data needed to design the condenser. The company has sent you a large sample of the liquid drug for this purpose. You acquire an insulated 2.000-liter container with a known heat capacity and a built-in electrical heating coil that can deliver a known heat input to the contents of the container. A calibrated thermocouple is used to measure the temperature in the vessel, and the pressure is measured with a mercury manometer. You carry out a series of experiments on a day when atmospheric pressure is 763 mm Hg Experiment 1. Fill the container with the liquid, then seal and weigh. $\text { mass of container }+\text { liquid }=4.4553 \mathrm{kg}$ [math]\text {$\left(T_{\mathrm{f}}\right)$, and subtract the heat absorbed by the container from the total heat input to determine the amount of the heat added to the liquid, $Q_{\mathrm{a}}$. $$ \begin{array}{l}{T_{0}=283.0 \mathrm{K}, Q_{\mathrm{a}}=800.0 \mathrm{J} \Longrightarrow T_{\mathrm{f}}=285.4 \mathrm{K}} \\ {T_{0}=330.0 \mathrm{K}, Q_{\mathrm{a}}=800.0 \mathrm{J} \Longrightarrow T_{\mathrm{f}}=332.4 \mathrm{K}}\end{array} $$ Assume that the liquid heat capacity may be expressed as a linear function of temperature $\left(C_{v}=a T+b\right)$ when analyzing these results. Experiment 2. Pour a small quantity of the drug into the container, place the container in a liquid nitrogen bath to freeze the drug, evacuate all of the air, and seal the container. Weigh the container after it comes back to room temperature. $\text { mass of container }+\text { drug }=3.2571 \mathrm{kg}$ Next heat the sealed container until all of the liquid evaporates, and repeat Experiment 1. $$ \begin{array}{l}{T_{0}=363.0 \mathrm{K}, h_{\text {manometer }}=-500 \mathrm{mm}, Q_{\mathrm{a}}=1.30 \mathrm{J} \Longrightarrow T_{\mathrm{f}}=366.9 \mathrm{K}} \\ {T_{0}=490.0 \mathrm{K}, h_{\text {manometer }}=-408 \mathrm{mm}, Q_{\mathrm{a}}=1.30 \mathrm{J} \Longrightarrow T_{\mathrm{f}}=492.7 \mathrm{K}}\end{array} $$ Assume that the vapor heat capacity may be expressed as a linear function of temperature when analyzing these results. Experiment 3. Fill approximately half the container with the drug, freeze, evacuate the air, and seal. Measure the pressure at several temperatures, verifying that liquid is present in the container at each temperature. $$ \begin{array}{l}{T=315.0 \mathrm{K}, h_{\text {manometer }}=-564 \mathrm{mm}} \\ {T=334.0 \mathrm{K}, h_{\text {manometer }}=-362 \mathrm{mm}} \\ {T=354.0 \mathrm{K}, h_{\text {manometer }}=-2 \mathrm{mm}} \\ {T=379.0 \mathrm{K}, h_{\text {manometer }}=+758 \mathrm{mm}}\end{array} $$ a) Using the given data, determine the following physical properties of the drug: (i) liquid specific gravity, (ii) molecular weight, (iii) linear expressions for the heat capacities at constant volume $[\text { in } \mathrm{J} /(\mathrm{mol} \cdot \mathrm{K})]$ for both the liquid and vapor $\left[C_{v}=a+b T(K)\right]$, (iv) linear expressions for $C_{p}$ for both liquid and vapor, (v) a Clausius–Clapeyron expression for $p^{*}(T)$, (vi) the normal boiling point, and (vii) the heat of vaporization (in J/mol) at the normal boiling point. b) Calculate the required condenser temperature, assuming operation at 1 atm. c) Calculate the rate at which heat must be removed in the condenser, taking the heat capacity of nitrogen to be constant at $29.0 \mathrm{J} /(\mathrm{mol} \cdot \mathrm{K})$.
CHEMISTRY
Using the periodic table to locate each element, write the electron configuration of (a) V; (b) Y; (c) Hg.
CHEMISTRY
A gas sample is collected over water at a temperature of $$ 35.0 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C } $$ when the barometric pressure reading is 742.0 torr. What is the partial pressure of the dry gas?
Other Quizlet sets
Intro to Psychology 2
43 terms
The Human Body in Health and Illness: Chapter 9
112 terms
History Final
157 terms
Related questions
QUESTION
In the periodic table of the elements, the only element lighter than helium is:
QUESTION
How are metals different from non-metals?
QUESTION
Enter the symbols for the neutral (uncharged) atom and ions which are isoelectronic to each of the ions given. For example, He and Be2+ are isoelectronic to Li1+
QUESTION
Which scientist was the first to propose an atomic theory and that atoms combine and rearrange in definite proportions in chemical reactions?
