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Biology flashcards

Terms in this set (24)

Nucleus
stores DNA, info to make proteins located here, controls cell's processes
Nucleolus
produces ribosomes
Nuclear membrane
regulates materials entering and leaving nucleus
Cell membrane
controls what enters and leaves a cell, selectively permeable, phospholipid bilayer, protects structure, keeps shape of cell, provides a boundary from the environment
Cell wall
support and protection for cell, usually made of tough fibers like cellulose and other carbohydrates
Ribosome
makes proteins, many structures interact to synthesize and transport.
Rough ER
ribosomes attached, transports molecules to other parts of the cell
Golgi apparatus
helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell, like UPS store.
Smooth ER
no ribosomes attached, transports molecules to other parts of the cell
Lysosome
can digest, or break down, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, DNA, and RNA, high frequency in stomach cells
Vacuole
stores water, enzymes, and wastes, keeps toxin's from cell, makes cells rigid
Mitochondria
coverts chemical energy stored in food into ATP energy
Chloroplast
converts solar energy to glucose and oxygen
Centriole
divides DNA, forms cilla and flagella
Cytoskeleton
supports and shapes cell, assist in cell division
Microtubule
forms larger structures to perform tasks on outside of cell
Different organisms that have a cell wall
Bacteria, prokaryotes, plants, and fungi
Cellulose
What is the name of the sugar that makes up the cell wall in plants?
• Lipid Bilayer
• Proteins
• Carbohydrate molecules
What are the parts of a cell membrane?
• Cells are the basic unit of life
• All living things are made of cells
• All cells are produced by existing cells
3 parts of the cell theory
Chloroplast use photosynthesis to convert solar energy to chemical energy. Mitochondria convert chemical energy to ATP energy through cellular respiration.
How do functions of the chloroplast and mitochondria work together?
Nucleus, cell membrane, ER, golgi, mitochondria, ribosomes, lysosomes
Things plant and animal cells have in common
Differences between plant and animal cells
• Plants have chloroplasts to transform light energy to chemical, animals do not
• Plants have a cell wall, animals do not
• Plants have large central vacuoles, animals do not
• Animals have centrioles, plants do not
Nucelolus within the nucleus produces ribosomes, ribosomes then move to the ER, which form vesicles in order to transport them to the Golgi then transports them out of the cell.
How do functions of organelles work together to synthesize and transport protein?
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