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Arduino Vocabulary

Terms in this set (14)

Circuit
a complete loop which connects a power source, through a device, and back to the the power source
LED (light emitting diode)
a device which converts electrical energy into light energy. LEDs are polarized. They only work when they are connected in the correct direction. The long leg of a standard LED is usually the POSITIVE side. LEDs have very low resistance. LEDs have a maximum current of about 20 mA
Resistor
a device which impedes or slows the flow of electricity. This is used in the circuit to limit current flow through the LED
Ground (GND)
the return for current flow in a circuit. Ground refers to the negative terminal of the power supply on the Arduino
Upload
Sending the program to the microcontroller
Compile
converting the human-readable code into 1's and 0's that instruct the microcontroller how to behave and perform
Digital
refers to values that exist in only one of two states. Generally this is ON or OFF
Microcontroller
Sometimes abbreviated µC, uC or MCU), a microcontroller is a small digital computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. It's the "brain" of the system
Pins
the physical connections on the outside of the microcontroller. The "pins" are general purpose and can be either inputs or outputs to the microcontroller
Arduino
the general term used to describe the microcontroller board and also programming language \ environment
Breadboard
sometimes called a "solderless" breadboard, this is a prototyping tool that allows us to quickly connect wires together without soldering or twisting them together. Key features of the breadboard to know are that the rows of 5 holes are all connected together. On the edges of the board are vertical power rails. These allow us to quickly connect multiple components to either 5V or GND. The power rail is one continuous vertical connection
pinMode([pin], [INPUT/INPUT_PULLUP/OUTPUT]);
command sets the mode for the general purpose I/O pins on the Arduino
digitalWrite([pin], [HIGH / LOW]);
sets the state of a pin. HIGH indicates that the pin will be ON and will output 5V. LOW indicates that the pin will be OFF and will output 0V
delay([time_milliseconds]);
The Arduino runs with a 16 MHz clock. This means that it is 62.5 ns between clock cycles. To control the flow of the program, we can use the delay() command. The parameter in between parentheses is the delay in milliseconds
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