Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

Oct 26 - Skin Physiology

Terms in this set (13)

acetylcholine
Pre-Ganglionic Nerves of Sympathetic Nervous system release what neurotransmitter
acetylcholine
Postganglionic nerves can also release what to vasodilate (at the skin).
Heat causes dilation of cutaneous blood vessels and increases heat loss (sensor TRP; triggered by capsaicin)
Reaction of Skin in Heat
Cold causes constriction and increases heat retention. (profusion of hands after cold; pain associated with re-vascularization)
Reaction of Skin in Cold
Similar to reaction to heat

Alcohol causes dilation of cutaneous blood vessels and increases heat loss (sensor TRP; triggered by capsaicin)
Reaction of Skin in Alcohol
Acetylcholine acts on muscarinic receptors
Na, Cl and K are transported into sweat gland cells of secretory region
Cl enters sweat gland lumen
Na and H2O follow by electrochemical gradients and osmosis
Process of Osmotic Movement in Secretory Region of Sweat Gland
Electrochemical gradient of Cl higher in lumen than in surrounding cells
Cl will move down its gradient through the CFTR receptor.
Na will move down its gradient via the ENaC
Cl and Na will move out of cell into basal membrane via ATPase and CFTR
Process of Osmotic Movement in Reabsorptive Region of Sweat Gland
o Muscarinic receptors: activated by acetylcholine to release IP3 assists in release of Ca2+ Ca2+ activates CLCA (movement of Cl in sweat)
o NKCC1: Sodium Potassium Chloride Channel (1K,2Cl,1Na into cell); regulated by Na/K pump
o CFTR: activated by phosphorylation
Receptors/Transporters used in Secretory Region of Sweat Gland
o Na/K ATPase
o ENaC: draws Na+ into cell from secretions
o CFTR: draws CL- into cell and basal membrane to dilute secretions
Receptors/Transporters used in Reabsorptive Region of Sweat Gland
• Atropine
blocks muscarinic receptors
• Furosemide (lasiks)
blocks NKCC transporter; patients should be told not to exercise or reduce amount of physical activity while on these drugs
• Botulinum Toxin
blocks release of acetylcholine from nerve
• B blockers (propranolol)
block sweating in response to hypoglycemia (dangerous in insulin-dependent diabetics)
Sets found in the same folder