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Autism Spectrum Disorder ULM OCCT 1015

Terms in this set (17)

Children with autism have a variety of problems with _______, _______, and what are called "_____________".
social interaction
communication
stereotypical behaviors, interests and activities
When are symptoms typically recognized?
During the second year of life. but can be seen earlier.
What are the first symptoms of autism
Delayed Language development but are often accompanied by
1. a lack of social interest or unusual social interactions
2. odd play
3. unusual communication patterns
*Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts (3)
1. deficits in social-emotional reciprocity
a. failure of normal back-and-forth conversation
b. reduced sharing of interests
c. failure to respond or initiate social interactions
2. deficits in nonverbal communication
a. poorly integrated verbal and nonverbal communication
b. abnormalities in eye contact
c. abnormalities in body language
d. deficits in understanding and using gestures
e. lack of facial expressions
3. Deficits in developing, maintaing and understanding relationships
a. difficult adjusting behavior to suit various social contexts
b. difficulty sharing in imaginative play
c. difficulty making friends
d. absence of interest in having friends/peers
*Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or activities in AT LEAST TWO OF THE FOLLOWING:
1. stereotyped or repetitive motor movements,
2. insistence of sameness
3. highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal
4. hyper-reactivity
*These disturbances are not caused be an intellectual disability although they can co-occur
Diagnostic criteria E*
Some parents report that there was a sharp regression directly after ________. Other parents said there was the same regression in __________ children.
immunizations
unvaccinated
Most researchers do agree that __________factors play a role
environmental
According to NIH, there is most likely a ___________ ___________ for Autism
genetic predisposition
What are some environmental factors (6)
1. Vaccinations
2. Pesticide exposure
3. Parental age
4. Pharmaceuticals while baby was in womb
5. Free way proximity
6. Limited prenatal vitamin intake
Autism is not a _________ disease
degenerative
What considerations should you take when planning treatment? (7)
1. They require structured environment w/clear expectations
2. Behavior management programs using positive re-enforcers work well
3. You have to be able to read verbal and nonverbal cues quickly.
4. B/c they may have difficulty processing sensory info, they might benefit from a sensory integration approach
5. it may be difficult for them to select from several activities. only ask them to choose between 2 activities
6. communication may include the use of simple signs, verbal expressions, demonstrations, or pictures
7. They may have difficulty participating in ADL's, IADL's, Education, Work, Play and Social Participation
What are signs of autism in infants (7)
1. stiffen when picked up or do not physically conform to the adult's body when held
2. do not calm down when held.
3. startle easily when touched
4. hate baths, dressing, or diaper changing
5. have poor sucking ability or are hard to feed
6. have poor muscle tone
7. do not have age-appropriate head control age-appropriate ability to sit
Signs of Autism in Children (18)
(1) Seem unaware of their surroundings.
(2) Do not make eye contact.
(3) Have general learning problems
(4) Do not relate to others.
(5) Only eat certain food textures.
(6) Refuse to touch certain textures (EX: Mud or Sand)
(7) Have sleep problems, such as difficulty getting to sleep or staying asleep.
(8) Are hyperactive.
(9) Are withdrawn, miserable, anxious or afraid.
(10) Display repetitive behaviors or speech patterns.
(11) Fixate on one object or body part.
(12) Compulsively touch smooth objects.
(13) Show fascination with lights.
(14) Flap arms when excited.
(15) Frequently jump, rock or spin self or objects.
(16) Walk on tip-toes.
(17) Giggle or scream for no apparent reason.
(18) Eat strange substances
General intervention Techniques to use w/Autism
(1) Provide structure and consistency
(2) Keep the same routine
(3) Read the child's nonverbal and verbal cues
(4) Communicate through signs, pictures, communication boards, singing
(5) Work with the child at his/her level
(6) Follow the child's cues
(7) Redirect when the child begins self-stimulation
(8) Listen to the parents/teachers to learn about the client's preferences
(9) Provide a quiet setting
(10) Allow the child the opportunity to play with other children
(11) Use positive behaviors reinforcers
(12) Use sensory integration techniques:
(a) Tactile
(b) Vestibular
(c) Proprioceptive
(d) Olfactory
(e) Gustatory
(13) Provide the child with choices
(14) Allow the child time to respond
(15) Keep your talking to a MINIMUM....use simple directions
(16) Use behavioral management techniques
(17) Realize that even children have "off days..." you might have to change your treatment plan!
(18) Realize that even therapists have "off days..." If something didn't work, think about what might have been done differently
(19) Listen to the parents and teachers!
(20) Be sure to keep your goals and your interventions OCCUPATION CENTERED so that therapy is meaningful to the child and to the family.
Autism us a _________ disability that generally appears before the age of ____.
neurological
3
Who is diagnosed more with Autism?
boys
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