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People INTD 20 Test 2

Terms in this set (14)

Charles Fourier (1772-1837)
-founded "Utopia" in 1844
-French philosopher
Ann Lee
- brought shakerism to America by 1774
Jacob Riis
-photographer during Industrial Revolution
Edward Bellamy
-rejects Fourier's ideas of Self-fufillment
-monopolies are good for the economy
-believed in 2000, America would be an Urban engine as efficient as an army
-hunger crime disease and poverty eliminated
Louis Sullivan 1856-1924
-binding architecture and traditions make designing buildings stagnant in their forms
-free expression stifled by antiquated architectural precedents
-lush, tastefully subdued ornament: must be integral to building itself rather than applied: opposite of "White City"
-organic ornament softened what would've otherwise been angular
-result in simplicity from customs, social attitudes and practical consideration
-architecture and design draws on constitution, must be in harmony between form and function
-tall office building was American edifice
Frank Lloyd Wright 1867-1959
-was a proteger of Sullivan
-used old technology in new ways
-architecture should follow nature in principles rather than form: start from ground, horizontality
-organic form:"living expression of human spirit"
-place where building is influences design
-influenced by Japanese graphic design
Mies Van Der Rohe 1886-1969
-director of architecture at Bauhaus
-moved to America, head of Illinois Institute of Technology: open floor plan, use of steel and glass
-"less is more"
-"god is in the details"
Phillip Johnson 1906-2005
-architecture student at Harvard in 1940
-only sees Architecture in an aesthetic dimension
-Works include Glass House, Seagram Building interior, Machine Art, Farnsworth House
Mohly Nagy
-investigated Kinetic Motion
-constructivist: used circles to reference wheel
-connection to rationalism and logic
-photography and graphic design
-designers duty to "translate new discoveries into the stream of our emotions"
-posters developing into typophotos: word and image communicate immediacy
Sigmund Freud
-"Civilization and Its Discontents" 1930
-Are humans happier now that we have new and powerful technologies?
-humans have control over nature in a way never imagined
-TECHNOLOGY IS GOOD, BUT NATURE CAN ONLY MAKE YOU HAPPY
Helen Campbell
-buffet car of a ship "what a laboratory it is"
-sought after a more hygienic and efficient kitchen.
-domestic Taylorism
Edward Muybridge
-when a horse gallops all 4 feet off ground simoltaneously
-Kinetic motion investigator with photography
-UPenn commissioned him to do motion studies of living things
-advocate of scientific management
-psuedo scientific backdrop in images, negative images, superimposed graphs
Henry Ford 1863-1947
-cut costs of materials, control of raw materials
-made sure workers could afford his product
-believed machinery would save us
-mass production for mass consumption
Le Cobusier
-machine was power of reason
-combine reason with romanticism
-home was a machine for living
-argues against Loos, "A chair is not a work of art. A chair has no soul. A chair is a machine for sitting in."
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