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Chem ch 6 vocab

Terms in this set (40)

chemical bond
mutual attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together
ionic bonding
chemical bonding that results from the electrical attraction between cations and anions, give up electrons
covalent bonding
chemical bonding resulting from the sharing of electron pairs between two atoms
non-polar covalent bond
a covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms, resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge
polar covalent bond
a covalent bond in which the bonded atoms have an unequal attraction for the shared electrons
polar
uneven distribution of charge
molecule
neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds, individual unit capable of existing on its own
molecular compound
chemical compound whose simplest units are molecules
chemical formula
indicated relative numbers of atoms of each kind in a chemical compound by using atomic symbols and numerical subscripts
molecular formula
shows the types and numbers of atoms combined in a single molecule for a molecular compound
diatomic molecule
molecule containing only two atoms
bond energy
energy required to BREAK a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms, refers to breaking bonds
bond length
average distance between two bonded atoms
octet rule
chemical compounds tend to form so that each atom, by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons, has an octet of electrons in its highest occupied energy level
electron-dot notation
electron-configuration notation is which only the valence electrons of an atom of a particular element are shown, indicated by dots placed around the element's symbol
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