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Anatomy Exam #8 (A-4, 6, & 8)

Terms in this set (97)

Which of the following muscles will serve to depress the lower lip?
Depressor labii inferioris and depressor anguli oris muscles
Facial paralysis can be present with a patient, either temporary or permanent, when involving which of the following patient case histories? (Select all that apply.)
Cerebrovascular accident & Parotid salivary gland cancer
Which of the following muscles when unilaterally contracted deviates the mandible to one side?
Lateral pterygoid muscle
Which of the following are considerations when dealing with a history of facial paralysis in a dental setting? (Select all that apply.)
Inability to form facial expressions on one side of the face may be present. Twitching, spasms, and weakness can be evident.
All three pharyngeal constrictors work to raise the pharynx and larynx during:
swallowing.
From the following list of muscles, select which muscles create the faucial pillars within the oral cavity. (Select all that apply.)
Palatoglossus & Palatopharyngeus
Which of the following muscles originates on the inferior border of the mandible and inserts into the skin tissue of the chin?
Mentalis muscle
From the following list of muscles, select which muscles are considered suprahyoid muscles. (Select all that apply.)
Digastric, Stylohyoid, & Mylohyoid
Extrinsic tongue muscles are innervated by the _____ cranial nerve.
twelfth
Which of the following muscles raises each labial commissure of the lips to contribute to a patient's smile?
Zygomaticus major muscle
From the following list of lip-related movements of the orbicularis oris muscle, match those movements with their CORRECT facial action.
With pressing together - With closing lips
With tightening and thinning - With pursing lips
Rolling inward between the teeth - With grimacing
With thrusting outward - With pouting and kissing
Which of the following muscles BOTH elevates the tongue and depresses the soft palate during swallowing?
Palatoglossus muscle
Which of the following effects is prevented from occurring on the target nerve during the administration of a local anesthetic agent?
Action potential
Blood vessels are MORE numerous than lymphatic vessels. However, the venous blood vessels MAINLY parallel the lymphatic vessels.(true? false?)
The first statement is false; the second is true.
The dental professional MUST be able to locate the larger blood vessels of the head and neck BECAUSE these vessels may become compromised due to a disease process or during a dental procedure such as a local anesthetic injection. (statement/reason - correct/related?)
Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves are antagonistic to one another. BOTH nerve systems function as part of the somatic nervous system. (true? false?)
The first statement is true; the second is false.
Which part of the brain is involved in the regulation of BOTH the heartbeat and breathing?
Medulla
Where does the infraorbital nerve receive the posterior superior alveolar nerve in order to form the maxillary nerve?
Pterygopalatine fossa
Which of the following actions could result from involvement by the efferent part of the fifth cranial nerve?
Chewing a piece of gum
After a serious car accident, a fracture of the patient's mandibular ramus has damaged nerve tissue within the mandibular canal. The associated oral structures or tissue MOST likely to be affected by this nerve damage would be the:
mandibular teeth
Which of the following nerves communicates with the lingual nerve within the submandibular ganglion?
Chorda tympani nerve
From the following list of blood vessels, select those blood vessels that anastomose with the pterygoid plexus of veins located around the pterygoid muscles. (Select all that apply.)
Facial vein and Retromandibular vein
Which of the following veins listed drains MOST of the head and neck?
Internal jugular vein
Which of the following statements BEST explains why BOTH facial and dental infections can lead to serious complications for the patient
Communication by way of anastomoses and blood flow direction is involved in the spread of infection in the head and neck.
What is the usual number of anterior branches that arise from the external carotid artery?
Three
From the following list of muscles, select which are considered infrahyoid muscles. (Select all that apply.)
Sternothyroid, Omohyoid
When a patient swallows, how are the suprahyoid muscles involved?
Elevate the hyoid bone
From the following list of descriptions, select which descriptions can be used for the pathway of the external carotid artery. (Select all that apply.)
Travels upward medial to internal carotid artery & Begins at the termination of common carotid artery
Which branch of the maxillary artery supplies the maxillary anterior teeth by way of each tooth's apical foramen?
Anterior superior alveolar artery
From the following list of descriptions, select which descriptions can be used for the pathway of the external jugular vein. (Select all that apply.)
Visible near the sternocleidomastoid muscle & Terminates in the subclavian vein & Drains only a small part of extracranial structures
What is the blood supply that is DIRECTLY provided to the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
Superior thyroid artery
The pterygoid plexus of veins is a collection of small anastomosing vessels located around the pterygoid muscles and DIRECTLY surrounding which artery?
Maxillary artery
Which of the following nerves convey parasympathetic fibers to the lacrimal gland?
Zygomatic nerve
Which of the following structures is/are innervated by the motor fibers within the mandibular nerve or third division of the trigeminal nerve
Muscles of mastication
What structure when DIRECTLY damaged also results in the disruption of the nasopalatine nerve?
Nasal septum
From the following list of muscles, select which are considered muscles of mastication. (Select all that apply.)
Masseter & Temporalis
Which of the following intraoral landmarks is one of the origins of the buccinator muscle?
Pterygomandibular raphe
Which of the following muscles when contracted causes a surprised facial expression on a patient?
Epicranius muscle
Which of the following muscles inserts onto the coronoid process?
Temporalis muscle
Into which of the following categories of head and neck muscles is the omohyoid muscle placed?
Infrahyoid muscle
During an extraoral examination of a patient, which of the following needs to be considered with the sternocleidomastoid muscle? (Select all that apply.)
Effective palpation of the muscle occurs when the patient moves the head to the contralateral side. & If both muscles contract, the head will flex at the neck and extend at the junction between the neck and skull.
Which of the following are considered cervical muscles?
Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
What are the two parts of the epicranial muscle named?
Frontal and occipital bellies
Which of the following muscles can show enlargement due to repetitive muscle contraction associated with clenching of the teeth in a patient?
Masseter muscle
On what structure do BOTH heads of the masseter muscle originate?
Zygomatic arch
Which of the following muscles listed below does NOT serve to elevate the upper lip?
Risorius muscle
Which of the following muscles divides the neck region into anterior and posterior cervical triangles?
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
The ______ of a muscle is generally attached to the LEAST movable structure.
origin
Which of the following muscles is NOT considered a suprahyoid muscle?
Sternothyroid muscle
Which of the following muscles when contracted allows for the retraction of the mandible?
Temporalis muscle
Which of the following muscles when contracted dilates the nostrils?
Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle
From the following list of lip-related movements of the orbicularis oris muscle, match those movements with their CORRECT facial action:
With pressing together→With closing lips, With tightening and thinning→With pursing lips, Rolling inward between the teeth→With grimacing, With thrusting outward→With pouting and kissing
Which of the following muscles works to protrude the tongue on a patient?
Genioglossus muscle
Which of the following muscles originates on the inferior border of the mandible and inserts at each of the labial commissures?
Depressor anguli oris muscle
Which of the following muscles is considered an extrinsic tongue muscle that retracts the tongue?
Styloglossus muscle
From the following list of muscles, select which are considered muscles of facial expression. (Select all that apply.)
Platysma, Buccinator, and Risorius
Which of the following are considerations when dealing with a history of cervical muscle pathology in a dental setting? (Select all that apply.)
Additional supports and stabilizers such as pillows may make the patient more comfortable AND Patients may not be able to raise the chin as requested during treatment.
Which term is BEST used to describe a blood vessel that travels to the heart carrying blood?
Vein
The common carotid artery is branchless and travels superiorly along the neck, lateral to the trachea and larynx to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage. The common carotid artery travels in a sheath deep to the superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle.
The first statement is true; the second is false.
What does the term anastomosis mean?
Communication of blood vessels with another connecting channel
A branch of the maxillary artery reaches the nasal cavity through the:
sphenopalatine foramen.
From the following list of terms concerning compromised blood vessels, select the terms that are associated DIRECTLY with clot formation. (Select all that apply.)
Thrombus, Embolus, Hematoma
What is a serious, life-threatening blood vessel lesion that occurs when a blood vessel is seriously traumatized, allowing large amounts of blood to escape into the surrounding tissue without clotting?
Hemorrhage
Which are the MAJOR arteries that supply the head and neck?
Common carotid, subclavian
Blood vessels are MORE numerous than lymphatic vessels. However, the venous blood vessels MAINLY parallel the lymphatic vessels.
The first statement is false; the second is true.
During a dental procedure on the buccal surface of the maxillary molars, a patient reports discomfort in the buccal gingival tissue. Which of the following nerves carries this sensation to the brain and may need to be anesthetized?
Posterior superior alveolar nerve
Branches of the facial nerve traverse all of the following openings EXCEPT the:
foramen rotundum.
When periodontal scaling on the palatal gingival tissue of the maxillary right second molar under block anesthesia administered ONLY to the maxillary right posterior sextant, the patient begins to gag without initiation by the clinician. What nerve was inadvertently anesthetized so as to cause this situation?
Lesser palatine nerve
When a patient complains of pain associated with a thermal burn caused by hot coffee on the anterior dorsal surface of the tongue, which of the following nerves transmits this pain?
Facial nerve
During an oral surgical procedure on the posterior hard palate, which of the following nerves MUST be anesthetized to provide patient comfort?
Greater palatine nerve
Which of the following pairings of nerve to bony opening is INCORRECT?
Oculomotor nerve, inferior orbital fissure
After administration of an inferior alveolar nerve block, the patient reports that the lingual gingival tissue of the mandibular premolars and molars is still sensitive. Which nerve usually provides sensation from the gingival tissue in this area?
Lingual nerve
Which of the following pairs of nerves merges posterior to the mental foramen to form the inferior alveolar nerve?
Incisive and mental nerves
Which of the following nerves provides motor innervation to the floor of the mouth?
Mylohyoid nerve
Which of the following nerve branches of the facial nerve supplies motor innervation to the buccinator, risorius, and upper lip muscles?
Buccal nerve branch
Which of the following nerves carry pulpal sensations from the maxillary canine?
Anterior superior alveolar nerve
Which of the following skull foramina are associated with the pathway of the seventh cranial nerve from the brain to the facial region?
Internal acoustic meatus and stylomastoid foramen
Which of the following structures listed below is innervated by the vagus nerve?
Soft palate muscles
Discomfort from an infection of BOTH the frontal and ethmoidal sinuses would be associated with involvement of which of the following nerves?
Nasociliary nerve
Which of the following nerves is NOT part of the maxillary nerve or second division of the trigeminal nerve?
Buccal nerve
Which of the following nerves listed below does NOT go on to form the maxillary nerve within the pterygopalatine fossa?
Incisive nerve
Which of the following arteries is a DIRECT branch off of the aorta?
Brachiocephalic artery
Which of the following listed is NOT a branch of the external carotid artery?
Middle meningeal
Blood vessels are MORE numerous than lymphatic vessels. However, the venous blood vessels MAINLY parallel the lymphatic vessels. (true? false?)
The first statement is false; the second is true.
The veins of the head and neck start out as large venules and become smaller as they near the base of the neck on their way to the heart. The veins of the head and upper neck are usually symmetric in location with limited or NO variance regarding their location. (true? false?)
Both statements are false.
During the extraoral examination of a patient, an artery is visually noted under the skin of the patient in the temporal region. Which artery can be visualized in this manner during the examination?
Superficial temporal artery
Which branch of the maxillary artery supplies the maxillary anterior teeth by way of each tooth's apical foramen?
Anterior superior alveolar artery
With what nerve is the occipital artery closely associated at its origin?
Hypoglossal nerve
Which of the following structures listed is NOT supplied by the lingual artery?
Mylohyoid muscle
Which of the following blood vessels NOT only protects the maxillary artery from being compressed during mastication but also accommodates changes in volume of the infratemporal fossa that occur when the mandible moves?
Pterygoid plexus of veins
What is the MAJOR destination of the subclavian artery as it travels in the body?
Upper extremity or arm
Which of the following oral structures or regions is NOT drained DIRECTLY by the facial vein?
Lateral scalp
Which of the following statements BEST explains why BOTH facial and dental infections can lead to serious complications for the patient?
Communication by way of anastomoses and blood flow direction is involved in the spread of infection in the head and neck.
What is the relationship of the subclavian artery to the common carotid artery?
Lateral
What is the relationship of the maxillary vein to the superficial temporal vein?
Deeper
From the following list of descriptions, select which descriptions can be used for the pathway of the maxillary artery. (Select all that apply.)
Runs through infra temporal fossa, May be deep to lateral pterygoid muscle, May be superficial to lateral pterygoid muscle
The common carotid artery is branchless and travels superiorly along the neck, lateral to the trachea and larynx to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage. The common carotid artery travels in a sheath deep to the superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. (true? false?)
The first statement is true; the second is false.
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