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Chapter 9: Industrial Revolution

Terms in this set (39)

5W's on beginning of industrial revolution
Who: people of england
What: large population and developing machine production of goods
Where: england
When: mid 1700's
Why: expanding economy
Examples of natural resources
water power + coal (fuel machines)
iron (to construct machines)
rivers (transportation)
harbors (merchant ships)
inventor of the cotton gin
Eli Whitney
inventor of the steam engine
James Watt
wrote "essay on the principle of population" which argued that population is increasing and need more wars to kill the people
Thomas Malthus
who believed that there would be permanent underclass that would always be poor, and same w/ labor?
David Ricardo
Who was the father of utilitarianism?
Jeremy Bentham-- believed people should judge situations based on their usefulness
A follow of utilitarianism; tried to change policies so there wouldn't be equal division of profits.
Who believed it was wrong that workers should lead deprived lives that bordered on starvation. He wanted to help the ordinary worker by changing policies so that there would be more equal division of profits. He also favored cooperative agriculture, women's rights, including the right to vote.
John Stuart Mill
5 W's of Socialism
Who: The people-- own factors of production
What: people control production and planning economy. government controls key industries.
Why: promote equality
How: must believe humans are good and believe in social justice
Significance: promoting equality b/c workers are not taken advantage of and no greedy bosses
mr bowler's definition: What is the economic system in which the factors of production are owned by the government and operate for the welfare of all.
Father of communism and co-wrote "The communist manifesto"
Karl Marx
published "the conditions of the working class" b/c father owned factory, which gave devastating picture of industrial life.
Friedrich Engles
Define: bourgeois
upper middle class-- people who owned factories (a.k.a. the haves)
Define: proletariat
working class-- referred to in Marxism (a.k.a. have nots)
Points of "Communist Manifesto"
What:
1. argued human societies divided into warring classes -> called groups bourgeois and proletariat.
2. industrial rev -> enriched wealthy and impoverished poor --> maybe overthrowing owners
Results of the communist manifesto
proletariat revolts and seized what they needed (factories + mills from capitalists)
workers shared profits and equality to all
----> communism
define: capitalism
industry owned by private owners rather than state.
--> greedy bosses for more profit
What is an economic system in which money is invested in business ventures with the goal of making a profit?
describe final stages of i.r.
-pure communism
-all goods/services shared equally
-no private property
why communism revolts didn't break out?
-more suffrage
-unions
-collective bargaining (effective when everyone does it)
Define: union
-group of people being led by skilled workers
-if demands not met they strike
-their special skills gave them more power
-help lower/middle class
Why were changes slow after i.r.?
british gov't denied unions b/c they saw them as threat to government
What banned unions altogether?
Combinations Act of 1799 and 1800-- outlawed unions and strikes
--> repealed in 1824
what did unions want?
-raise wages
-better working conditions
--> later joined as American Federation of Labor (AFL)
Reform Laws
-began to look at the bad effects
-1820's-30's britain looked at child labor and working conditions
-Passed Factory Act of 1833-- illegal to hire children under 9
Which law banned unions and strikes?
The Combination Act
Who was the dictator of Egypt that was overthrown in the Arab Spring
Hosni Mubarak
What is the small island on the persian gulf that is still facing protest as a result of the arab spring?
Bahrain
adam smith gave a nickname to the way capitalism naturally corrects itself. what is it guided by?
the invisible hand
who said, "the proletariats have nothing to lose but their chains?"
karl marx in the communist manifesto
what is the group fighting against syrian army?
free syrian army
who is the current leader of egypt?
Mohammed morsi
who was the syrian general that overthrew the government in 1970?
hafez al-assad
how did the arab spring begin?
man lit himself on fire
Which Muslim sect is the majority in Syria?
sunnis
Is the majority of Iran Sunni or Shiite?
shiites
Are the majority of people in Saudi Arabia Sunni or Shiite?
sunnis
What sect of Islam are the majority of Muslims in the world?
sunnis
What Muslim sect is the leader of Syria a member of?
shiites
who are the only shiites we're studying?
iran and the leader of syria
define: utilitarianism
This argued that people should judge ideas, institutions, and actions on the basis of their usefulness.
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