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ISDS Final

Terms in this set (133)

cross-functionally
Successful companies operate ___________, integrating the operations of all departments.
departments
Operating cross-functionally means integrating the operations of all
systems thinking
What is a way of monitoring an entire system by viewing multiple inputs being processed or transformed to produce outputs while continuously gathering feedback on each part?
Feedback
What is information that returns to its original transmitter and modifies the transmitter's actions?
Fall of the Berlin Wall
Which of the following is one of Thomas Friedman's 10 forces that flattened the world?
system
A __________ is a collection of parts that link to achieve a common purpose.
information
Management ________________ systems is a business function, like accounting or human resources, that moves information about people, products, and processes across the company to facilitate decision making and problem solving
Broad functions of a CIO
Ensuring the delivery of all IT projects, on time and within budget, Ensuring that the strategic vision of IT is in line with the strategic vision of the organization, Building and maintaining strong executive relationships
CSO
Who is responsible for ensuring the security of IT systems and developing strategies and IT safeguards against attacks from hackers and viruses?
copyright
What is the legal protection afforded an expression of an idea?
Ethics
What are the principles and standards that guide our behavior toward other people?
Privacy
The chief ________ officer is responsible for ensuring the ethical and legal use of information within an organization.
Pirated
____________ software involves the unauthorized use, duplication, distribution, or sale of copyrighted software.
Inventory, Transactions, Employees
Which of the following does a database maintain information on?
Relational database model
Which database model is a type of database that stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables?
Entity
What in the relational database model is a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored?
To create logical relationships
Why do relational databases use foreign keys?
Data-driven website
What is an interactive website that is kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers using a database?
Primary
A foreign key in the relational database model is a ___________ key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table.
Attribute
The data elements associated with an entity
Relational database management system
Allows users to create, read, update, and delete data in a relational database
Database
Maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses)
Data dictionary
Compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model
Metadata
Provides details about data
Record
Collection of related data elements
Content editor
The person responsible for updating and maintaining website content
Content creator
The person responsible for creating the original website content.
Static information
Includes fixed data incapable of change in the event of a user action
Dynamic information
Includes data that change based on user actions
Dynamic website information
Stored in a dynamic catalog, or an area of a website that stores information about products in a database
ETL (Extraction, transformation, and loading)
A process that 1) transforms information using a common set of enterprise definitions 2) loads into a data warehouse 3) extracts information from internal and external databases
Data mining
The process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone
$600 million
What does the Data Warehousing Institute estimate that low-quality information costs U.S. businesses annually?
Challenges many businesses face
1) Collecting information 2) Discerning patterns and meaning in the information 3) Responding to the resultant information
Cube
A ________ is the common term for the representation of multidimensional information.
Cleansing
Information _____________ or scrubbing is the process that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent, incorrect, or incomplete information.
Cleansing
Information _____________ activities include removing redundant records, fixing erroneous relationships, and fixing inaccurate data.
impossible
One hundred percent complete and accurate information is _____________.
Inconsistent Data Definitions
Every department had its own method for recording data so when trying to share information, data did not match and users didn't get the data they really needed
Lack of Data Standards
Managers need to perform cross-functional analysis using data from all departments, which differed in granularities, formats, and levels
Poor Data Quality
The data, if available, were often incorrect or incomplete. Therefore, users could not rely on the data to make decisions
Inadequate Data Usefulness
Users couldn't get the data they needed; what was collected was not always useful for intended purposes.
Ineffective Direct Data Access
Most data stored in operational databases didn't allow users direct access: users had to wait to have their queries or questions answered by MIS professionals who could code SOL.
Data mart
Contains a subset of data warehouse information
Data quality audits
Determines the accuracy and completeness of its data
Informing
Accesses large amounts of data from different management information systems
Business intelligence dashboard
Tracks corporate metrics such as critical success factors and key performance indicators and includes advanced capabilities such as interactive controls allowing users to manipulate data for analysis
Data visualization tool
Moves beyond Excel graphs and charts into sophisticated analysis techniques such as pie charts, controls, instruments, maps, time-series graphs, and more.
Data visualization
Describes technologies that allow users to "see" or visualize data to transform information into a business perspective.
Infographics
Displays information graphically so it can be easily understood
Recovery
The ability to get a system up and running in the event of a system crash/failure; restoring the information backup
Backup
An exact copy of a system's information
Failure
A backup operational mode in which the functions of a computer component (such as a processor, server, network, or database) is assumed by secondary system components when the primary component becomes unavailable through either failure or scheduled down time
Fault tolerance
A computer system designed that in the event of a component fails, a backup component or procedure can immediately take its place with no loss of service
Hot site
A separate and fully equipped facility where the company can move immediately after a disaster and resume business
Disaster recovery plan
a detailed process for recovering information or an IT system in the event of a catastrophic disaster such as a fire or flood
DVD, tape, disk
Types of backup/recovery media
Speed, cost, expense
What is the primary difference between the different types of backup/recovery media?
Hourly
What type of backup strategy would you recommend to an organization that deals with large volumes of critical information?
Weekly
What type of backup strategy would you recommend to an organization that deals with small amounts of noncritical information?
What does the disaster recovery cost curve chart(s)?
The cost to the organization of 1) the unavailability of information 2) recovering from a disaster over time 3) the unavailability of technology
Cold site
What is a separate facility that does not have any computer equipment, but is a place where employees can move after a disaster?
True
T/F: Business continuity planning is a plan for how an organization will recover and restore partially or completely interrupted critical function(s) within a predetermined time after a disaster or extended disruption.
True
T/F: Fault tolerance is a computer system designed that in the event a component fails, a backup component or procedure can immediately take its place with no loss of service. Fault tolerance can be provided with software, or embedded in hardware, or provided by some combination.
Failover
a backup operational mode in which the functions of a computer component (such as a processor, server, network, or database) is assumed by secondary system components when the primary component becomes unavailable through either failure or scheduled down time.
Cluster analysis
What is a technique used to divide an information set into mutually exclusive groups such that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one another and the different groups are as far apart as possible?
Association detection
What reveals the degree to which variables are related and the nature and frequency of these relationships in the information?
Market basket analysis
1) Analyzes website info 2) Analyzes checkout scanner info 3) Detects customers' buying behavior
Time-series information
Time-stamped info collected at a particular frequency
Forecasting
Which of the following is a form of statistical analysis?
Forecasts
Predictions made on the basis of time series information
Whirlpool
Which company uses statistical analysis to automatically detect potential issues, provide quick and easy access to reports, and perform multidimensional analysis on all warranty information?
Operational BI
Which type of BI manages daily operations and integrates BI with operational systems?
Tactical BI
Which type of BI conducts short-term analysis to achieve strategic goals?
Strategic BI
Which type of BI achieves long-term organizational goals?
Operational BI
Which form of BI has managers and analysts as its primary users?
Tactical BI
Which form of BI uses the time frame of days to weeks to months?
Operational BI
Which form of BI uses real-time metrics for its data?
Strategic BI
Which form of BI uses months to years as its time frame?
Data latency
The time duration to make data ready for analysis and loading the data into the database
Analysis latency
The time from which data are made available to the time when analysis is complete
Decision latency
The time it takes a human to comprehend the analytic result and determine an appropriate action
India
All of the following are countries expected to have the largest increases in population between 2000 and 2050, except:
The time to get products and services to market is being shortened by technology
Which of the following is not a potential business impact from the world's population doubling in the next 40 years?
3
On average, how many years longer does each generation live than the previous in the United States?
75 years for men, over 80 years for women
What are the life expectancies for men and women in many developed countries?
The cost of health care will decrease
Which of the following is not a potential business impact from people in developed countries living longer?
Knowledge-dependent global society
What kind of society is being created by the growth in information industries?
Entry-level positions will require less education
Which of the following is not a potential business impact created by the growth in information industries?
Relaxed borders in the European Union, the Internet, International outsourcing
Why is the global economy becoming more integrated?
Connectivity technology
Which of the following is one of the primary reasons for the increase in Internet use?
Jobs performed by scientists, engineers, and technicians
All of the following jobs will be increasingly performed by robots, except:
Obsolete, Revised, Take for granted
What does 50 percent of what a student learns about innovative technology in their freshman year of college become by their senior year?
1%
What percentage will all of today's technical knowledge represent in 2050?
40 weeks
How long does a product's entire life cycle last today?
Time
Which of the following is becoming one of the world's most precious commodities?
Pace of technological innovation is increasing
Which trend has the following potential business impact? The time to get products and services to market is being shortened by technology.
The global economy is becoming more integrated
Which trend has the following potential business impact? Demand for personnel in distant countries will increase the need for foreign language training, employee incentives suited to other cultures, and many other aspects of performing business globally.
The growth in information industries is creating a knowledge-dependent global society
Which trend has the following potential business impact? Top managers must be computer-literate to retain their jobs and achieve success.
Automatic computing
Which of the following is not one of the technologies shaping our future?
Digital Ink
What is technology that digitally represents handwriting in its natural form?
RadioPaper
What is a dynamic high-resolution electronic display that combines a paperlike reading experience with the ability to access information anytime, anywhere?
RadioPaper
What could be used to create an electronic book or newspaper with real pages?
Digital Paper
What is any paper that is optimized for any type of digital printing?
Teleliving
Using information devices and the Internet to conduct all aspects of life seamlessly
Application processing
The virtual assistant will be a small program stored on a PC or portable device that monitors all of the following, except:
The cost of alternative energy sources is increasing with technical advances
Which of the following is not a potential business impact resulting from alternative energy sources?
Autonomic computing
Self-managing computing model named after, and patterned on, the human body's automatic nervous system
Computers will be able to "self-heal"
Which of the following is a potential business impact from autonomic computing?
Will take over routine tasks such as writing a letter, retrieving a file, and making a phone call
Which of the following is a potential business impact from teleliving?
False
T/F: the world's population will double in the next 20 years
True
T/F: People in undeveloped countries are living longer
False
Digital ink is any paper that is optimized for any type of digital printing.
2050
Angola is one of the countries that are expected to have the largest increases in population between 2000 and ___________.
40
The world's population is expected to double over the next ___________ years.
dependent
The growth in information industries is creating a knowledge-_________ global society.
integrated
The global economy is becoming more ____________.
doubling
Medical knowledge is _________ every eight years.
1%
All of today's technical knowledge will represent only __________ percent of the knowledge that will be available in 2050.
teleliving
Digital ink, digital paper, autonomic computing, _________, and alternative energy sources are the technologies discussed in the text as having the potential to change our world, our future, and our lives.
handwriting
Digital ink refers to technology that digitally represents ____________ in its natural form.
RadioPaper
__________ is a dynamic high-resolution electronic display that combines a paperlike reading experience with the ability to access information anytime, anywhere.
digital
Digital paper is any paper that is optimized for any type of _________ printing.
self-managing
Autonomic computing is a _________ computing model named after, and patterned on, the human body's autonomic nervous system.
primary key
field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given record in a table
foreign key
A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables
database management system
creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while controlling access and security
data model
logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements using graphics or pictures
structured query language
asks users to write lines of code to answer questions against a database
entity
stores information about a person, place, thing, transaction, or event
basket
Market __________ analysis analyzes such items as websites and checkout scanner information to detect customers' buying behavior and predicts future behavior by identifying affinities among customers' choices of products and services.
Statistical
__________ analysis performs such functions as information correlations, distributions, calculations, and variance analysis.
Time is becoming the world's most precious commodities.
Which trend has the following potential business impact? Companies must take an active role in helping their employees balance their time at work with their family lives and need for leisure.
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