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AP Human Geography Rubenstein 12th Edition: Chapter 5 Languages

Terms in this set (26)

Creole (or creolized) language
A language that results from the mixing of a colonizer's language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated.
Dialect
A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation.
Exctinct language
A language that was once use by people in daily activities but is no longer used.
Isogloss
A boundary that separates regions in which different language usages predominate.
Isolated language
A language that is unrelated to any other languages and therefore not attached to any language family.
Language
A system of communication through the use of speech, a collection of sounds understood by a group of people to have the same meaning.
Language branch
A collection of languages related through a common ancestor that can be confirmed through archaeological evidence.
Language family
A collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history.
Language group
A collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.
Lingua franca
A language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages.
Literary tradition
A language that is written as well as spoken.
Official language
The language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.
Pidgin language
A form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.
Standard language
The form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.
Toponym
Place names given to certain features on the land such as settlements, terrain features, and streams.
Denglish
A combination of Deutsch (the German word for German) and English).
Developing language
A language spoken in daily use with a literary tradition that is not widely distributed.
Ebonics
A dialect spoken by some African Americans.
Franglais
A combination of francais and anglais (the French words for French and English respectively).
Institutional language
A language used in education, work, mass media, and government.
Logogram
A symbol that represents a word rather than a sound.
Received Pronunciation (RP)
The dialect of English associated with upper-class Britons living in London and now considered standard in the United Kingdom.
Spanglish
A combination of Spanish and English spoken by Hispanic Americans.
Subdialect
A subdivision of a dialect.
Vigorous language
A language spoken in daily use but that lacks a literary tradition.
Vulgar Latin
A form of Latin used in daily conversation by ancient Romans, as opposed to the standard dialect, which was used for official documents.
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