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Ancient Egypt

Key Concepts:

Terms in this set (42)

Pharaoh
ruler of Ancient Egypt
Pyramid
a huge, triangular-shaped monument of ancient Egypt built around a tomb built during the Old Kingdom
Old Kingdom
the time period of Egyptian history from about 2700 to 2200BCE which is called the Age of Pyramids
Middle Kingdom
the time period of Egyptian history from about 2000 to 1800BCE which is sometimes called the Period of Reunification
New Kingdom
the time period of Egyptian history from about 1600 to 1100BCE which is often called Egypt's Golden Age
Topography
the surface features of a place or region, such as mountains or deserts
Vegetation
the plants of a place or region
Papyrus
a tough water plant used to make paper and rope in ancient times
Delta
an area of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river
Fertilization
the process of adding fertilizer, or plant food, to soil
Nomad
a person who moves from place to place with no permanent home
Pharaoh Khufu
ruled during the old kingdom period and built the Great Pyramid at Giza
Pharaoh Senusret I
a patron of the arts who ruled during the middle kingdom period and built the White Chapel at Karnak
Pharaoh Hatshepsut
the first female pharaoh who ruled during the new kingdom period and encouraged trade with other lands (such as Punt), her temple at Dayr al-Bahri showed her trade expeditions
Pharaoh Ramses II
was called Ramses the Great and ruled during the new kingdom, he had more monuments built than any other pharaoh- his most impressive monument was the temple complex at Abu Simbel
Artisan
a craftsperson
Peasant
a person who does farmwork for wealthy landowners
Vizier
a high-ranking government official who advised the pharaoh
Alliance
an agreement between nations to work together for common interests
Chief Treasurer
a government officials who looked after the pharaohs wealth
General of the Armies
a government official who was the top military commander
Embalming
to treat a dead body with preservatives to prevent it from decaying
Sarcophagus
a large stone coffin
Hieroglyph
a symbol used in hieroglyphics, a system of writing developed in about 3000BCE
Census
an official count of the population or number of people living in an area
Famine
a severe shortage of food
Scribe
a person who writes
Social class
a group of society distinguished from other groups by such things as wealth, property, and rights
Social pyramid
a drawing of a pyramid shape with levels showing how social classes are positioned above and below one another regarding power and rights in the society
Social structure
the way a society or civilization is organized
Egyptian Civilization
a society of people who lived along the Nile River in the northeast corner of Africa from around 3100BCE to 350AD
Kush Civilization
a society of people who lived along the Nile River, south of Egypt, from about 2000BCE to 350AD
Hebrew Civilization
a society of people (ancient Israelites) who lived in Canaan and started the Jewish religion
Cataract
waterfall
Delta
Flat, low-lying land built up from soil carried downstream by a river and deposited at its mouth
Dynasty
a series of rulers from the same family
Pharaohs
egyptian god-kings
Bureacracy
a system of government that includes different job functions and levels of authority.
Vizier
the highest office in the Egyptian governmental hierarchy below the king. (a sort of prime minister.)
Hatsheput
declared herself Pharaoh and took over because her step son was a young child at the time. She encouraged trade rather than just waging war.
Thutmose III
Hatshepsuts step son who took the thone when becoming an adult
Ramses II
one of Egypt's greatest kings who ruled for over 60 years, conquered vast territories, and fathered over 100 children
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