AP Psych: Unit 8 (Mods 37, 38, 41, 42, 43)

Term
1 / 24
a need or discipline that energizes and directs behavior
Click the card to flip 👆
Terms in this set (24)
a need or discipline that energizes and directs behavior
motivation
Image: a need or discipline that energizes and directs behavior
a complex, unlearned behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species
instinct
Image: a complex, unlearned behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species
the idea that a psychological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need
drive-reduction theory
Image: the idea that a psychological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need
a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level
homeostasis
Image: a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level
a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
incentive
Image: a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
the principle that performance increases with arousal only up to a point, beyond which performance decreases
Yerkes-Dodson law
Image: the principle that performance increases with arousal only up to a point, beyond which performance decreases
Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with psychological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active.
hierarchy of needs
Image: Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with psychological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active.
the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger
glucose
Image: the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger
the point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set. When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight.
set point
Image: the point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set. When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight.
the body's resting rate of energy expenditure
basal metabolic rate
Image: the body's resting rate of energy expenditure
the four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson-- excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.sexual response cycleresting period after orgasm, during which a man cannot achieve another orgasmrefractory perioda problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioningsexual dysfunctionsex hormones, such as estradiol, secreted in greater amounts by females than by males and contributing to female sex characteristics. In nonhuman female mammals, estrogen levels peak during ovulation, promoting sexual receptivity.estrogensthe most important of the male sex hormones. Both males and females have it, but the additional testosterone in male stimulates the growth of the male sex organs in the fetus and the development of the male sex characteristics during puberty.testosteronea response of the whole organism, involving (1) physiological arousal, (2) expressive behaviors, and (3) conscious experience.emotionthe theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli.James-Lange theorythe theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotionCanon-Bard theorythe Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal.two-factor theorythe tendency of facial states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, or happiness.facial feedback effecta subfield of psychology that provides psychology's contribution to behavior medicine.health psychologythe process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging.stressSelye's concept of the body's adaptive responses to stress in three phases-- alarm, resistance, exhaustion.general adaptation syndrome (GAS)under stress, people (especially women) often provide support to others (tend) and bond with and seek support from others (befriend).tend-and-befriend response

Flickr Creative Commons Images

Some images used in this set are licensed under the Creative Commons through Flickr.com.
Click to see the original works with their full license.