Psychology 280 Exam 4 Chapter 13 Definitions

Prejudice
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Terms in this set (18)
Prejudice
A hostile or negative attitude toward people in a distinguishable group, based solely on their membership in that group
Stereotype
A generalization about a group of people, in which certain traits are assigned to virtually all members of the group, regardless of actual variation among the members
Illusory Correlation
The tendency to see relationships, or correlations, between events that are actually unrelated
Discrimination
Unjustified negative or harmful action toward a member of a group solely because of his or her membership in that group
Modern Racism
Outwardly acting unprejudiced while inwardly maintaining prejudiced attitudes
Self Fulfilling Prophesy
The case wherein people have an expectation about what another person is like, which influences how they act toward that person, which causes that person to behave consistently with people's original expectations, making the expectations come true
Stereotype Threat
The apprehension experienced by members of a group that their behavior might confirm a cultural stereotype
Institutional Discrimination
Practices that discriminate, legally or illegally, against a minority group by virtue of its ethnicity, gender, culture, age, sexual orientation, or other target of societal or company prejudice
Institutionalized Racism
Racist attitudes that are held by the vast majority of people living in a society where stereotypes and discrimination are the norm
Institutionalized Sexism
Sexist attitudes that are held by the vast majority of people living in a society where stereotypes and discrimination are the norm
Normative ConformityThe tendency to go along with the group in order to fulfill the group's expectations and gain acceptanceOut-Group HomogeneityThe perception that individuals in the out-group are more similar to each other (homogenous) than they really are, as well as more similar than members of the in-group areUltimate Attribution ErrorThe tendency to make dispositional attributions about an entire group of peopleBlaming the VictimThe tendency to blame individuals (make dispositional attributions) for their victimization, typically motivated by a desire to see the world as a fair placeRealistic Conflict TheoryThe idea that limited resources lead to conflict between groups and result in increased prejudice and discriminationScapegoatingThe tendency for individuals, when frustrated or unhappy, to displace aggression onto groups that are disliked, visible, and relatively powerlessMutual InterdependenceThe situation that exists when two or more groups need to depend on one another to accomplish a goal that is important to each of themJigsaw ClassroomA classroom setting designed to reduce prejudice and raise the self-esteem of children by placing them in small, desegregated groups and making each child dependent on the other children in the group to learn the course material and do well in the class