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Ch. 9

Terms in this set (50)

The primary source of power for a member of the bureaucracy is
expertise
In addition to his power to appoint heads of federal agencies, the president has additional involvement with the bureaucracy, including the presidential veto, the power to reorganize the bureaucracy, the power of persuasion, and:
a key role in the budget process
All of the following statements concerning the formation of the federal bureaucracy are true EXCEPT
The greatest period of growth of the bureaucracy was in the 1800s
At the highest levels, the bureaucracy is responsible to
several bosses who may have conflicting goals
Before it can implement new regulations, a regulatory agency must
publish the proposed regulations in the Federal Register and hold hearings on them
A clear chain of command with all employees knowing who their supervisors are as well as whom they are responsible for is an example of a(n):
Hierarchy
According to the textbook, bureaucracies are often the only meeting ground for citizens and politics because they
are often the only contact citizens have with government
The president has the least power over
an independent regulatory agency
Which of the following is NOT a type of organization within the federal bureaucracy?
Citizen advisory councils
The single largest program of the civilian federal bureaucracy today is
Social Security
Bureaucracy is useful for all of the following, EXCEPT tasks that
Can be handled on an ad hoc basis
The primary effect of sunshine laws has been to open the
policymaking process to the public
The bureaucratic culture has all of the following effects EXCEPT
It facilitates ease of movement by individuals from one agency to another during their careers
The bureaucratic culture includes all of the following EXCEPT
A firm commitment to using plain, easy-to-understand language
The bureaucracy engages in the lawmaking process
because Congress often passes very general laws that require clarification before they can be enforced
The people who participate in citizen advisory councils
are often unrepresentative of the general public but are chosen for their special credentials or interests
To respond to clientele groups, some departments and agencies were formed to
serve and regulate particular organized and unorganized groups
Which of the following is NOT an example of a government corporation?
The Food and Drug Administration
The fifteen departments that make up the major subdivisions of the federal government also represent
the president's cabinet
The practice in which successful party candidates reward supporters with jobs or favors is known as
Patronage
The civil service replaced the _________ as a method of choosing government workers
spoils system
Agencies cultivate and serve powerful supporters because
they need to be able to resist pressure from Congress and the president
The courts generally play a modest role in controlling the bureaucracy for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
The Constitution does not permit the courts to rule on executive branch decisions
The Department of Justice enforces the laws and represents the American government before the U.S. Supreme Court. Therefore, it was created to
serve an essential government function
All of the following are designed to enhance citizen influence over the bureaucracy EXCEPT
The Kenneth Meier Act
Because presidents and their appointees often struggle with entrenched bureaucracies, presidents
often prefer to start new agencies rather than deal with the old ones
The Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989 has
been a step toward counteracting negative behavior
President Obama's appointments to the bureaucracy differed from President George W. Bush's appointments in that:
President Obama's appointments were more likely to be made on the basis of policy expertise
Groups of citizens whose interests are affected by an agency and who work to influence its policies are called
clientele groups
A close relationship developed between the oil industry and the agency charged with regulating drilling. This relationship is an example of
Agency capture
Congress sets up most regulatory agencies as boards or commissions, with members having fixed terms, in order to
make them independent of political pressure, particularly from the president
Presidents use their appointment power to
gain necessary control over the bureaucracy or unnecessarily politicize the bureaucracy, depending on your perspective
The value of explicit rules in bureaucratic institutions is that they
create standardization and predictability
Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning independent agencies?
The term independent refers to the fact that such agencies are free of presidential power
The primary justification for the creation of a government corporation is to provide
a service that the private sector is unable to offer
According to the textbook, life within the bureaucracy is
as political as life outside of it
The term iron triangle refers to the
phenomenon of members of interest groups, congressional committees, and bureaucratic agencies cooperating for mutual benefit
The desire by agencies to maintain total control over their own resources and policy decisions rather than cooperating with other agencies can lead to
wasteful and inefficient policy decisions
The ultimate purpose of depoliticizing government bureaucracies is to create
neutral competence
Citizen advisory councils are established to
subject key policy decisions to the consideration of the general public
Very few _________, African Americans, or Hispanics reach the highest levels of the civil service ladder
women
Bureaucracy is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
Flexible goals
Bureaucracy is preferable to democracy in making decisions when
we require expertise and dispatch
The authors of the textbook drew which of the following conclusions from the "What's at Stake?" story concerning organic foods?
It is possible to energize a public audience to respond to the bureaucracy
Which of the following is an example of a government agency designed to serve a distinct clientele group?
Agriculture
When political bureaucratic appointees conflict with career civil servants
political appointees have the advantage of a higher position of authority, but civil servants can stall to slowly kill policy changes
The president's veto power is not a very effective weapon for controlling the bureaucracy because
most bills contain many provisions, and the president is unwilling to lose an entire bill in order to veto one provision of the bill
The bulk of the federal bureaucracy is
found in the executive branch
The goal of the Pendleton Act and the Hatch Act was to
reduce political influence over federal government employees
_________ refers to bureaucrats' authority to use their own judgment in interpreting and carrying out the laws of Congress
Bureaucratic discretion
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