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Art History final

Terms in this set (40)

Axis Mundi
An axis of the world which marks sacred sites and denotes a link between the human and celestial realm
Bay
A unit of space defined by architectural elements such as columns, piers, and walls
Bodhisattva
Sacred beings on the brink of buddahood who have achieved enlightenment but choose to remain on earth to help others attain emancipation from the world
Bracket
An architectural element that projects from the wall and that often support a a horizontal part of the building such as beams or eaves of a roof
Darshan
An opportunity of occasion of seeing a holy person or the image of a deity
Calligraphy
Hand writing as an art form
Chakra
Each of the centers of spiritual power in the human body usually considered to be seven in number
Haniwa
Pottery forms (cylinders, buildings, and human figures) that were placed on top of Japanese tombs or burial mounds in the kofun period
Lacquer
A type of hard, glassy surface varnish made from the sap of the asian sumac or from shellac, a resinous secretion from the lac insect and can be layered
Mausoleum
A monumental building used as a tomb
Module
A basic unit of construction
Mudra
A symbolic hand gesture in Buddhist art that denotes certain behaviors, actions, or feelings
Pagoda
An east asian reliquary tower build with successively smaller, repeated stories. Each story is usually marked by an elaborate projecting roof.
Reliquary
A container, often made of precious materials, used as a repository for sacred relics
Stupa
In Buddhist architecture a bell shaped or pyramidal religious monument made of piled earth or stone and containing sacred relics
Torana
In Indian architecture, an ornamented gateway usually leading to a stupa
Urna
A spiral or circular dot placed on the forehead of buddhist images
Ushnisha
A three dimensional oval at the top of the head of the buddha
Zen Buddhism
Emphasis on meditation and intuition
Daoism
A Chinese philosophy that emphasizes the close relationship between humans and nature
Atelier
The studio or workshop of a master artist or crafts person
Cenotaph
A tomb like monument to someone buried elsewhere especially one commemorating people who died in a war
Hand scroll
A long narrow horizontal waiting and or text common in Japanese and Chinese art intended for individual use
Joined block
A method of constructing large scale wooden sculpture developed in Japan. Allows the production of a large sculpture without problems of drying an cracking
Key block
Is the master block in the production of a colored wood cut which requires different blocks for each color
Porcelain
A type of extremely hard and fine white ceramic first made in china
Underglaze painting
Color or decoration applied to a ceramic piece before glazing
Wood block print
A print made from one or more carved wooden blocks
Colonialism
The policy or practice of acquiring political control over another country, occupying it with settlers and exploring it
Chacmool
Sculpture depicting a reclining figure supporting itself on its elbows and supporting a bowl or disk on its stomach
Geoglyph
Earth work designs on a colossal scale, often created in a landscape to be seen from a n arial view point
Roof comb
In mayan building a masonry wall along the apex of a roof that is built above the level of the roof proper
Talud tablero
A design characteristic of Mayan architecture in which a slowing talus supports a wall like tablero, where ornamentation painting and sculpture are usually placed
Adobe
Sun baked blocks made of clay mixed with straw. Also the buildings made with this material
Kente
A woven cloth made by the Ashenti peoples the cloth is woven in long narrow pieces in complex and colorful patterns which are sewn together
Lost wax casting
A process of casting metal
Scarification
Controlled scarring of the human body for aesthetic and or cultural reasons
Okyeame
A literacy magazine founded in Ghana which aids the rapid rise of a new generation of thinkers, writers, and poets
Shaman
A person regarded as having access to and influences in the world of good and evil spirits
Nkisi Nakonde
Figures that spirits inhabit
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