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nursing pharmacology test 3 final review

Terms in this set (201)

cephalosporins
what drug class is effective in treating gram neg bacteria

****on test, with all antibiotics, talke all, use mech birth control, if take with food or not, increase food, photosensitivity******
Rocephen
third generation
given im once a day
mix with lidacaine
good for home care
drawback, expensive.
gentamyacin
gentamyacin is in what category
aminoglycocyde***
requires peak and trough (one hr after first dose, one hour before next)
is nephro and otto toxic
is gram neg***
given all routes
lots o water to protect kidneys
watch bun and creatnine
cipro and levaquin
2 floraquinalone drugs are ____ and ____
cipro
anthrax is treated with which drug
bladder infection also
taken orally
INH and rifampin
2 TB drugs
INH
if your exposed to TB, drug you'll take prophylaxis is
on for 6 months
hard on liver
watch liver function test ****
don't eat tyramine foods (aged cheese, red wine, processed meats, )
avoid the sun
avoid alcohol***
rifampin
what is given for "ACUTE" TB
rifapantine
drug similar to rifampin
turns body fluids RED*** (like red urine)
compliance is a problem
protect liver and kidney by drinking fluids
herpes
antiviral drug such as aclivor is used to treat
aclivor and zovirex
drugs in antiviral class(AZ)
start aclivor asap
for genital herpes take once a day
once a day
for genital herpes take aclivor how often
flu
amantadine/simatroll is used for treatment of
amanatidine
parkinsons is sometimes treated with
anti viral
ribavirin is an ___ ____medication
used to treat rsv in children
diflucan, monostat
two anti fungal agents commonly used by women

**from test, how yeast drug given to baby, swab mouth, allow to let swallow.*****
amphotercin B
pt develops aspergillis, a systemic fungal infection resistant to other antibiotics, he is prescribed
amphotercin
anti fungal infection therapy causes servere adverse affects and is hard to give and recieve
systemic fungal infection
when is amphotercin used
give test dose
when giving ampatersin, important to ____first and then premedicate
fever, chills, vomiting, headache,
amphotercin has sever side effects worse than any flu such as (FCVH)
tremors up to rigors
the more severe side effect with amphoterin are violent
premedicate
before giving ampatersin, do what to pt
tylenol, benedryl, steroids
what do you premedicate with for ampatersin (TBS)
demoral
what works best for pain when on amphotercin
arrythmias and respiratory
when on amphotersin, important to monitor for___and ____complications
amphotercin
what systemic fungal infection therapy can cause hypocalemia
ventricle
what type of arrythmias can amphotercin cause
once a day
how often is amphotercin given
liver and kidneys
amphotercin is toxic to ___ and ___
amphotercin
this ugly drug to treat fungal infections is given in hospital
chloraquin
an antiparasite drug is and therapeutic class is anti malarial
profolactly
how is chloraquin best used
kidney and liver
on chloraquin monitor ----and --- functions
flagyl
what is used to treat non malarial protazoan infections like giardia and c-diff and is difficult to take causing nausea and vomiting


**on test, causes metallic taste***
vermox
an antihelminthic drug used to treat conditions like pinworms, tape worms, or hookworms,
pinworms
what condition should you change cloths and linens every day?
primaxin
a drug for carbapenems that are resistant to beta lactamase and are broad spectrum alternatives to penicillin
q 6 hours
primaxin has short half life, how often is it given
primaxin
what carbapenem antibiotic can cause flebitis*****
tremors and seizures
although uncommon, on primaxin watch for (TS)
vancomyacin
Cell wall inhibitor effective against resistant microbes
vanco
what drug causes redman syndrome, a rash on the upper body, head and shoulders
hours to weeks
how long does redman syndrome last
vanco
this is most effective drug used to treat MRSA and cdiff
levoquin
children can't take this fluoroquinolone similar to cipro
avoid the sun, drink water, take all
with all antibiotics you should (3 things)(ADT)***and use alternate birth control**
cephlorasporin
if allergic to penicillin, your also allergic to drug class like rocephin
interferon and interlukin
biologic response modifiers are (immunity drugs)
***enhance immune function
***promte maturation and differntiation of stem cells
***interfere with tumor cell proliferation
*from test*
interferons
biologic response modifiers that have antiviral and antineoplastic activity
***prescribed for blood dyscrasias****
epogen, procrit
hematopoietic growth factor, drug for anemia
make more red blood cells
how does epo drugs like epogen and procrit work
leukocytes
colony stimulating factors increase the production of
1/3 higher
protocol for anemic pt give drug unitl hct is ______ than when you started and therapy may take 2 to 6 weeks.
12
don't give epo drug, like epogen or procrit if hct is less than
twice a week
how often are epo drugs given
hct level is reached
stop epo when
epogen, procrit
This growth factor drug causes problems HTN and stoke, because it may increase blood pressure, and CVA increases when Hgb is above 12
iron
Commonly given with epogen, procrit
epogen, procrit
medication commonly given in pts who dont want blood, such as jehova witness*
**reduces need for blood transfussion****
epogen, procrit
don't take this erythropoietin if preg or becoming pregnant
neupogen, filgrastim
a colony stimulating factor drug that increases neutrophil production is
***will NOT accelerate bone marrow function****from test
g-sff
abbreviation for granulocyte stimulating factor
stimulates production of neutrophils
what does granulocyte simulating or g-sff do
ANC absolute neutrophil count
when giving g-sff watch for this on CBC
times your bands and segs
how do you calculate ANC
above 2000
desired ANC level
infection
pts with lower ANC < 1500 are at greater risk for
long bones
stem cells in what bones are sensative to chemo and radiation
true
chemo kills neutrophils true or false
24
wait how many hours after chemo to start neupogin
stimulates protection and maturation
neupogin does what to neutrophils
sub q
how is neupogin given
10-14 days
how long is neupogin given
1500-2000
stop neupogin when count is
after bone marrow transplat
when is neupogin given
bone pain, splenomegally, alopecia
side effects of neupogin (3)(BSA)
dead cells
what is bone pain when using neupogin caused from
neupogin
arythmias are sometimes a problem when taking ____for increase wbc
leukine
stimulates the production of all kids of wbc
after bone marrow transplant
when is leukine used
interferons
these interfere and inhibit viral replication
alpha beta gama
interferons are biologic response modifiers that have antiviral and antineoplastic activity. three major types of interferons(ABG)
interferon, intron A
HEPATITIS C, HCL, melanomal, non hodgkins, HPV and aides related kaposi's is treated with
interferon, intron A
hairy cell leukemia is treated with
interferon, intron A
aides is treated with
interferon, intron A
ms is treated with
interferon, intron A
chronic mylogenic leukemia or CML is treated with
interferon, intron A
lymphomas are treated with
gloves
when mixing interferon drugs use
flulike
interferon is hard to take due to _____syndrome and cause fever**
interleukins
what biological response modifier increases immunity
t cells, killer cells, b cells
interleukins increase what kind of cells
**on test***
interleukins
____promote inflammation
**interfere with cell replication***
e coli
neumega is made from
platelet enhancer
neumega is an interleukin that is also a
renal cancer
neumegas is mainly used for
proleukin
interleukin trade name
blood counts plateletes electrolytes
when giving proleukin watch (3)
helper t cells
______ these cells activate cytotoxic and natural killer cells. they gather the army.
good and bad
radiation kills what kind of cells
cells that divide fast
what kinds of cells are most sensative to radiation
radiation
lympohomas, cancer of esophegus, glottis, cervical and adinocarcinomas , and gi tract cancers are sensative to_____therapy
breast, renal, pancreatic
tumors not sensitive to radiation (3)
radiation
medication, hypnoisis, music, visual, and yoga are alternatives to
teletherpay
basic therapy that is from one source into the body
seads
radiation in sealed source, treated with
2 weeks
how long is pt radioactive after seads are removed
use shield
how do you protect from pt during telethearpy, brachiotherapy
cervical, prostate,
types of cancers treated with radiation that is put in the body text to tissue such as brachiotherapy
intraoperative radiation therapy
IORT is
intraoperative radiation therapy
this is used in surgery, radioactive liquid is put into bed where tumor was
intraoperative radiation therapy
best way to raidate to get all microscopic cells in surgery
...
if pt having bone marrow tranplant.....something with IORT
systemic therapy
what is used for special diagnostic studies
systemic
occasionally _____therapy is used for tumors
to kill off everything
why is total body radiation done in prep for bone marrow transplant done
no
should you wash big black marks for radation
fatigue
biggest side effects of radiation
n/v, decreased apetite, bone marrow depression, ips
other side effects of radiation(4)(n,d,b,i)
balance activity
best way to combat fatigue in radiation therapy
radiation therapy
well nurished and high protein shakes are good for pts undergoing
skin
radiation causes ___reaction
lotions, deod, powders
pts doing radiation are told not to use
radiation
stomatitis side effect of
radiating in the mouth
dry mouth, tooth decay occur when
dry mouth
zerostoma means
cerebral edema
when radiating in the brain a side effect is
change color and texture
when radiating, it is not uncommon for hair to
lungs
radiation numonitis occurs in the
radation luminaitis
radiation numonitis can cause scar tissue in the lungs called
ulcers
abdominal radiation can cause
pelvic radiation
diarrhea, cystitis, sexual dysfunction are side effects of_______radiation
neuroleptic
psychotropic same as
typical and atypical
two kinds of psychotropic drugs
typical
which psychotropic drug came first
phenothiazine
class of TYPICAL psychotropic drug
phenothiazides
first typical psych drugs to come out
locked up
before drug therapy, psych pts were
typical pheno
compozine (chlorpromazine) and stelazine are _______and low antipsychotics
EPS extrapyramidal symptoms
problems with typical pheno drugs such as compozine and stelazine
anticholinergic
with phenothiazides psych drugs, effects are______, such as dry mouth, constipation
fluids and fiber
with anticholinergic symptoms in antipsychotic drugs, encourage _____ and ____
compozine and stelazine
watch for eps with these two drugs typical pheno drugs
non typical, non phenothizides
zyprexa, and closaril are two kinds of ______, _____ psych drugs(second generation)
expensive
down side to non typical, non pheno
nausea, thorazine , anxiety compozine
what non psych conditions are phenothiazides used for and what is it. _____treated with____, _____treated with _____
sedation
non phenal atypical drugs have high tendancy for
non phenol atypical,
very anticholinergic psych drugs are_____classs

***decreased gi, bronchial dilation
zyprexa, closaril
two non phenoal atypical psych drugs that is very anticholinergich
low or no eps
advantage of non pheno, atypical drug class
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
severe rigidity, high fever is symptoms seen in this syndrom, a complication of psychotherapy with neurollpetic drugs.
NMS and stop drug
pt teaching is to watch for symptoms of _____ and _______drug
dantraline
drug to treat neuroleptic malignant syndrome
immediately or several months after
symptoms of NMS can occur
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
pale, chalky, stop moving, bp drops, decrease breathing, rigers, tonic contractions and fever are symptoms of
relaxes skeletal muscle
how does dantraline work
ancef, kefzol
Two cephalosporin trade name drugs (AK)
cefazolin
a cephalosporin drug, first generation.(C)
narrow
gentamycin has a ______therapeutic range
heptotoxicity
a severe complication of tb therapy that causes jaundice,
systemic fungal infections
amphotercin is used to treat
antimalarial agent
the therapeutic class of chloroquine (aralen) is
phenothiazines
of all the antipsychotics______(first generation), are most likely to produce EPS

****cognitin helps with eps symptoms****on test
acute dystonia
occurs early in treatment and invloves severe muscle spasms in back, neck, tongue, and face.
akathisia
most common EPS, is an inability to rest or relax. pt paces, can't sit, and difficulty sleeping
parkinsonism
induced by psych drug, may include loss of fine motor skills, tremor, muscle rigidity, stooped posture and shuffling gait.
tardive dyskinesia TD
involuntaroy, unusual tongue and face movements such as lip smacking, rapid eye blinking, and wormlike motions of the tongue.
sedative
in the short term, antipsychotic drugs give a _______effect, but long term therapy takes 3-4 weeks to fully manifest.
negative symptoms
atypical have greter effectiveness in releaving ______symptoms like ahedonia, decreased speech and flat effect*******on test
thorazine
used to treat psychosis, manic phase, severe nausea and vomiting and preop medication, hiccups*****hiccups on test****
huntington's disease
an inherited condition that results in mental decline, emotional disturbances, & loss of musculoskeletal control
thorazine
this atypical nonpheno acts as a CNS depressant and can be potentiated by other antipsychotics

**from test, will be sedative immediately, but therapeutic 3-6 monts***
any cns depressent
Benzodiazepines, opiate agonists, barbituates, sedatives, anipsychotics are examples of drugs that can interact with ______
compazine
drowsiness, hypontension, dizziness, dry mouth, blurred vision, lethargy, constipation/diarrhea, muscular aches, nasal congestion, peripheral edema, urinary retention are side effects of this antipsyhchotic
thiordazine
reduces locomotor activity, reduces aggressiveness, treats psychotic disorders, depression with anxiety
clozaril
interfers with binding of dopamine at receptor sites diminishing schizophrenic behavior, used in severe schizo

**from test, if stop taking, will immediately be psychotic****
clozaril
this atypical antipsy has high sedation, high hypotension, high anticholinergic, used for schizo, low eps
zyprexa
antagonizes dopamine, serotonin, muscar, histamine, diminishing psychotic disorders, used to treat psychotic and acute bipolar disorder, atypical

****on test, causes neuroleptic malignant syndrome ???****
zyprexia
moderate sedation, low hypotension, moderate anticholinergic, low eps atypical non typical
typical, non typical
phenothiazides =
non phenothiazides =
NMS
amantadine or bromocriptine (dop stim drug that can treat
colony stimulating factors
after bone marrow transplantation to promote bone marrow function, tx of graft failure or delayed function, mobilization of stem cells in peripheral blood so they can be collected.
colonly stimulating factors
stimulates proliferation, differentiation and functional activity of neutrophils, eosinophils monocytes and macrophages
interleukin, proleukin
produces tumor necrosis factor

***from test, causes flulike, and are hospitalized, and is toxic****

**from test, interferes with ability of virus to replicate*****
extravasation
closely monitor infusion site of interleukin/proleukin for
neumega
a platelet enhancer, prevention of sever thrombocytopenia with antineoplastic chemotherapy that depresses bone marrow function in clients iwth non myeloid malignancies
high
lymphomas, leukemia, sensitivity to radiation
fairly high
squamous cell, orpharyngeal, glottis, bladder, skin, cerivial, cancer sensitivity to radiation
fairly low
breast, renal, pancreatic chondroscarcoma, sensitivty to radiation
low
rhabdomyosarcoma, sensitivity to radiation
local therapy
type of therapy that includes, teletherapy, brachytherapy, intraoperative radiation therapy
systemic therapy
radiopharmaceutical therapy
total body irradiation
used in prep regimens for bone marrow or stem cell transplantation
radiation
fatigue, anorexia, bone marrow suppresion are side effects of
neupogin
causes bone pain and give meds for it. ******from test*****
anticholinergic
______symptoms seen with atypical non typical antipsychotics, like dry mouth,
encourage fluids and fiber********from test
risperidone,
high cost issue*****
risperdal, risperidone
increase fiber and fluids.*****
gram b neg
klebsiella****
gram positve
staph, enterococia. ****
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