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Biology Keystone Unit 1 Vocabulary (Basic Biological Principles)

Terms in this set (29)

cell
basic unit of structure and function for all living organisms
organelle
A structure within a cell that has a specific function
organism
A single form of life; an animal, plant, fungus, protist or bacterium
eukaryote
A type of organism composed of one or more cells that contains a nucleus and specialized organelles
prokaryote
single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus and other specialized organelles
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
macromolecule that encodes the genetic information for living organisms
nucleus
membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that stores DNA and controls and regulates cell activities
extracellular
Located outside a cell
intracellular
Located inside the cell
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
there are two types of this organelle, rough and smooth. it is responsible for making proteins and lipids
chloroplast
organelle found in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs
Golgi apparatus
organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for packaging and shipping proteins
mitochondrion/mitochondria
membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells; site of cellular respiration
ribosome
A cell structure that makes proteins
plasma/cell membrane
phospholipid bilayer that surrounds a cell and controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell
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