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Section 1 Structure of the Atom

Terms in this set (29)

ATOM
Which is the smallest piece of matter that still retains the property of an element
NUCLEUS
Protons and neutrons are found in a small, positvely charged center of the atom that is surronded by a cloud containing electron
Protons
Are particles that do not have an electrical charge
Electrons
Are particles with an electrical charge 1-
Quarks
Protons and neutrons, however, are made up of smaller particles
Electron cloud
Is the area around the nucleus of an atom where its electrons are most likely
Atomic Number
The number of protons in an atom is equal to a number called the Atomic Number
Mass Number
Of an atom is the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the nucleus of the atom
Isotopes
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
Average Atomic Mass
Of an element is the weighted-average mass of the mixture of its isotopes
Periodic Table
The elements are arranged by increasing atomic number and by changes in physical and chemical properties
Groupss
The vertical columns in the periodic table are called groups
Electron Dot Diagram
Uses the symbol of the element and dots to represent the electrons in the outer energy level
Periods
The horizontel rows of elements on the periodic table
Chemical Symbol
Which is a short or abbreviated way to write the name of an element
Examples- C, Al, Ne and AG
ELEMENTS ARE NAMED IN A VARIETY OF WAYS
1. TO HONOR SCIENTIST
2. FOR PLACES
3. FOR THEIR PROPERTIES
4. ESTABLISHED BY AN INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE
HOW ARE CHEMICAL SYMBOLS DERIVED
1. FROM THE FIRST LETTER OF THE ELEMENTS NAME
2. ELEMENTS, THE SYMBOL IS THE FIRST LETTER OF THE NAME PLUS ANOTHER LETTER FROM ITS NAME
3. FROM LATIN
4.
Element
Is matter that is composed of one type of atom
Atoms are composed of particles called
1. Protons
2. Neutrons
3. Electrons
The particles not found in the Nucleus
Electron
How we identify different elements
Each element differs in the number of protons they contain
2 Parts of an Atom
1.Electron cloud
2.Nucleus
Which particle are not made up of quarks?
Electrons
Which particles are made up of quarks
1. Neutrons
2. Protons
How many uniquely different quarks are there
6
How many quarks does it take to create a Neutron
3
How many quarks does it take to create a Proton
3
Dimitri Mendeleev
A Russian chemist, searched for a way to organize the elements and he created the Periodic Table. Organized table by atom MASS
Henry G.J. Moseley
English scientist who reorder the periodic table by atom NUMBER
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