Nervous System

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Parts of the Neuron Cell
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Parts of the Neuron Cell
Image: Parts of the Neuron Cell
The nervous system is structurally subdivided into two systems: _______ nervous system and ______ nervous system
central; peripheral
_______ cells form the myelin sheaths around nerve fibers in the PNS
Schwann
The part of the neuron that typically conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body is the _______.
axon
The gaps between Schwann cells found at regular intervals in peripheral system neurons are called _____________
nodes of Ranvier
Sensory receptors located in muscles and tendons are termed_______________
proprioceptors
Bundles of nerve fibers (neuron processes) running through the CNS are called ___________, whereas in the PNS they are called ____________.
tracts; nerves
Myelinated fibers (tracts) form ______________ matter while unmyelinated fibers form ___________ matter.
white; gray
__________ connect sensory and motor neurons in neural pathways and their cell bodies are typically located in the central nervous system.
Interneurons (association neurons)
During repolarization, ____________ ions are pumped out of the cell.
sodium
________________ reflexes include the secretion of salvia, changes in the size of our pupils, and digestion involve the activities of smooth muscles.automaticThe term central nervous system refers to the __________brain and spinal cordFivers that carry from the skin, joints, and skeletal muscles to the central nervous system are ____________.somatic sensoryWhich of these neuroglial cells forms the myelin sheath in the central nervous system?oligodendrocytesThe major role of the interneuron (association neuron) is to ___________.connect motor and sensory neurons in their pathwaysNeurons with several processes branching off the cell body, such as motor neurons and interneurons (association neurons), are structurally classified as __________.multipolarThe two major functional properties of neurons are____________.irritability and conductivityGanglia are collections of____________.cell bodiesBipolar neurons are commonly ____________.found in the eye and noseDUring the resting state, a neuron is_____________.depolarizing and generating an action potentialImmediately after an action potential is propagated, which one of the following ions rapidly diffuses out of the cell int other tissue fluid __________.sodiumNeurons either conduct action potentials along the length of their axons, or they remain at rest. This statement describes ________.the all-or-none responseSequence of nerve impulse1. sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward 2. the membrane becomes depolarized 3. potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward while sodium is actively transported out of the cell 4. the membrane becomes repolarizedWhich ion causes neurotransmitter vesicles to fuse with the axon's membrane during the conduction of a nerve impulse from one neuron to the next?calciumthe gap between two communicating neurons is termed________.synaptic cleftthe substance that is released at axonal endings to propagate a nervous impulse is called___________a neurotransmitterwhich of the following is the correct sequence in a typical reflex arc?receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effectorWhich type of reflex involves skeletal muscles?somatic______neurons transmit info to the CNSEfferent______neurons transmit info away from the CNSAfferent