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TCM

Terms in this set (328)

6 divisions
Tai yin, yang min, Shao yin, tai yang, Jue yin, Shao yang.
Six division organs:
Tai yin. Lung and spleen
Yang min. Large intestine, stomach
Shao yin. Heart kidney.
Tai yang. Small intestine. Bladder.
Jue yin. Liver, pericardium.
Shao yang. Gall bladder, triple heater,
What are Different types of chi?
Gu chi, zong qi, Zheng Qi or true qi. Yuan qi, Wei qi, ying qi. Zhong and Zheng with.
List Functions of Qi
Transforming. Transporting
Warming
Raising
Holding
Protecting
Explain how Qi holds.
Spleen Qi holds blood in the blood vessels. Kidney bladder Qi holds urine. Lung Qi holds sweat.
How does Qi raise
Spleen qi raises food upwards and raises organs.
Kidney Qi raises to reach heart lung and other organs.
What kind of Qi warms
Yang Qi is associated with warming. Wei Qi warms skin and muscles.
Both Spleen yang and Kidney Yang have a warming effect on fluid transformation.
If one function is transformation how do the different organs transform Qi.
Spleen Chi transforms food into Food qi
Kidney Qi transforms fluids
Bladder Qi - urine
Heart Qi and food Qi - Blood.
Chi and its two major aspects. What are these?
Refined essence produced by the organs to nourish the body and mind.
Presentation of functional activity of internal organs. ???
What is Xing
The physical manifestation of Qi.
What is Gu Chi
Food Qi : starting basis for all Qi and blood.
English name for Zong Qi.
Gathering Qi or Chest Qi or Big Chi of the chest, or sea of Qi.
Function of Zong Qi.
Function nourishes heart and lungs. Promotes blood circulation to extremities. Flows down to the kidneys. ( Original Qi flows up towards the lungs).
Pathology of Gathering Qi.
Weakness of lungs and breathing. Weakness of heartbeat and circulation. Cold hands and feet. Weak voice
What is Zhen Qi
Zhen Qi is True Qi. It is the final transformation of Qi, Gathering Chi having been catalysed by original/yuan chi.
What is function of Ying Qi.
It is refined part of True Qi: it nourishes the internal organs and the whole body. It also has a relationship to blood in that it flows with blood in the blood vessels and channels. It is yin compared with Wei chi.
What is function of Wei Chi
It flows between skin and muscle and therefore exterior. Its function is defense against external pathogen. It warms skin and muscles and has a function in sweating. It is under the control of the lung which is related to the pores of the skin. It is courser than Ying Chi.
Wei Qi has a relationship to the different Jiaou: Explain.
Defensive Qi is rooted in the lower burner (jiao), it is nourished in the middle jiao ( by spleen- stomach).It is spread in the upper burner by the lung.
If there is a disharmony of Wei chi and Ying chi what might be the symptoms.
Sweating disorders either excessive or none, Sleeping disorder (?).
What might the pathology be of Wei Chi.
Deficiency of wei chi means there could be susceptibility to catching colds.
What two kinds of Qi is Zhen Qi divided into?
Zhen Qi is divided into Wei Qi and Ying Qi ( defensive qi and nutritive Qi respectively).
What is the function of Yuan Qi?
It is the link between essence and qi. It is the basis of kidney qi. It arises from the kidneys. It is composed of original yin and original yang. It relies on nourishment from ost heaven chi.
It is Motive force.
It is basis of kidney Qi ( dwells in Mingmen) yin and yang.
It facilitates the transformation of Qi ( in function of kidneys).
It facilitates the transformation of blood ( in the function of the heart), and fluids (Kidney)
It comes out at source points ( yuanxue) via mingmen through triple burner in 12 channels and organs.
What is pathology of original Qi
Kidney yin and Yang deficiency.
General essence shortage
Motive force lackage
What are the different kinds of fluid?
The two types of fluid are Jin and Ye.
What is the function of Jin
Jin is ' clear, light, thin and watery. It is circulating with defensive Qi to be distributed under the skin. Under the control of the lungs. It moistens and nourishes the skin. It comes out as sweat, tears, saliva and mucus. It has a relationship to the fluid component of blood.
What are the Ye fluids
Ye fluids are under the control of spleen and kidneys. It is thicker and stickier. It moistens brain, spine and joints, and the sense orifices. ( see table page 70 TCM 3). Also found in Zangfu.
What is the relation of fluids to different body organs.
Stomach needs fluids. Fluids and food are transformed and separated by the spleen. Impure goes down wards and pure goes upwards. ( water retention can turn to damp and phlegm).

Lungs distribute fluid to skin: this is a dispersing function. Lungs also send it down to the kidney and bladder ( descending function).

Kidney yang controls the lower source of water and has a role with small intestine in separating pure from impure fluid.
It also works with the San Jiao in excretion of fluids. 'The triple burner is in charge of irrigation and it controls the water passages. See p79 TCM 3.
Proves yang in qi transformation of bladder.
Explain the relationship of fluids to the different organs and their interactions with each other.
Kidneys interact with the lungs to help with moistening and nourishing.
Kidney yang is a key role in the transformation of fluid.
Kidney assists small intestine in separation of pure and impure.
Helps triple burner transformation and excretion of fluids.
What is the relation ship between fluids and blood?
Blood and body fluids mutually nourish each other. ( both are yin)
What are two pathologies of body fluids?
Deficiency (yin deficiency and dryness). Accumulation of body fluids ( damp, oedema and phlegm)
What are the five body fluids in relation to organs?
Liver -tears
Heart -sweat
Spleen- Xian ( watery saliva)
Lung - nasal discharge/mucus
kidney- Tuo ( thicker saliva)
What are the two kinds of saliva
Tuo which belongs to the water element and Xian which belongs to earth element.
Functions of blood.
Nourishing. Moistening. Anchors Shen/ mind. ) ( see diagram TCM 3 p53.
Relation of blood to organs.
Heart governs blood and transforms blood.
Blood is produced in the heart.
Spleen food Qi is the basis of blood production.
Role of liver is to store blood.
Blood nourishes and cools heart fire. Blood nourishes eyes, joints tendons.
Liver storage of blood has a role in menstruation and 'blood supply to Chong mai penetrating extraordinary vessels to uterus'.
. Spleen controls blood flowing in the blood vessels. Lung controls all channels and blood vessels.
Kidney essence also has a role in producing marrow ( blood amongst other things) ( see diagram TCM 3 p53.
What is the blood Qi relationship
Qi generates blood ( spleen, lung, heart and kidney Qi).
Qi moves blood ( lung and heart Qi)
Qi holds blood ( Spleen Qi)
Qi is the commander of blood.
Blood nourishes Qi
Blood is the mother of Qi.
What are the different Pathologies of Blood?
Deficiency, ( spleen Qi)
Heat, ( liver)
Blood stasis ( stagnant liver, heat or cold)
Blood cold ?
In TCM terms how is blood made?
Gu chi is pushed by lung to the heart. It is augmented by yuan chi. Also kidney chi makes marrow which part of process. Blood stored in liver and regenerated.
What are the different kinds of essence?
Preheaven essence. Can be equated with constitution- what is inherited. Stored in kidneys but can be worked with and supported through meditation, tai chi etc
Post heaven essence is extracted from food and fluids.
What is function of essence?
Growth, reproduction and development.
Essence as basis of kidney Qi.
The essence produces marrow ( spine, brain and bone marrow).
What is the relationship between blood and essence.
Essence helps to transform blood.
Blood nourishes and replenishes essence.
What is the pathology of essence.
Deficiency which will affect development etc. Congenital disorders etc
Poor constitution.
What are the Three Treasures and what organ does each pertain to?
Essence related to the kidneys
Earth related to Qi and Spleen.
Shen/ spirit related to the Heart and Heaven.
In 5 element what are the different interactions between the different elements.
Generating and controlling cycles. For example fire generates or is mother to metal. Controlling has a healthy inhibiting force. For example water inhibits fire. Fire activates metal. Metal structures wood. Wood penetrates earth
Give examples of healthy generation which are clinically significant.
Kidney yin nourishes liver blood
What are two pathological cycles in 5 element generation cycle.
Overacting is over force along control cycle. Insulting is travelling backwards along controls cycle eg grand child insults grand parent
Give clinical examples
If wood or liver overacts on earth or stomach Nausea or diarrhoea or I B S symptoms might result. Liver insulting lungs can cause asthma.
Give other examples
...
What is the energy direction for each element
Wood. Expansion and smooth flow of Qi.
Fire -upwards.
Earth centre and stability
Metal - contraction.
Water- downwards
How do organs in relationship to each other affect the movement of Qi?
Liver related to smooth flow of Qi but Liver and Lung it moves upwards.
Spleen Qi controls upward movement: this is clear Qi while the stomach Qi moves downwards and is impure Qi?
The Heart and Kidneys have relationship to each other by Kidney Qi flowing upwards heart Qi flowing downwards.
Kidneys and Lung: inhalation is governed by kidney as the kidneys grasp the Qi on inhalation and the lungs govern exhalation.
What are some pathologies of Qi?
Deficiency: Spleen, Lung, Kidney.
Sinking: Spleen.
Stagnant: Mostly Liver.
Rebellious Qi: stomach, liver and lung.
How can generating or she cycle cause pathology
Insufficient nourishment from mother to child. Or child takes to much. Eg kidney not holding down with of lungs.
What is wood function?
Wood - spring and growth. Organs: liver and gall bladder. Vision and planning and initiating action. Also controls flow of chi.
Biliary tract governed and governs sinews.
Pathology of WOOD.
Related to stress. Anger/frustration etc. Excessive need for control. Difficulty relaxing. Chronic muscular problems. Eyes affected eg dry eyes. Biliary system probs.
Function of LIVER.
Stores Blood:
linked to Menstruation: If liver stores normally the cycle is normal.
Liver Storage of blood influences Chong and Ren Mai.
Posture related`; regulates blood according to physical activity. When the body at rest blood is stored in liver and restores but when upright blood nourishes the muscles and allows smooth movement.
Liver as Planner: have vision and sense of direction.

Ensures Smooth Flow of Qi.
Has an influence on emotions.
But also
Has relationship to Stomach and Spleen and therefore digestion.
Secretion of Bile
Liver Correlates
Dominates tendons: liver blood nourishes tendons and allows smooth movement.
Manifests in the nails:
Opens in the eyes
Houses the Hun ( Ethereal Soul). Depends on liver blood which helps keep it anchored.
Liver Patterns
Liver Qi Stagnation
Liver blood stagnation
Liver blood deficiency
Liver yin deficiency
Liver-yang rising
Liver fire Blazing
Liver wind agitating within: extreme heat generatin wind, liver yang rising causing wind, liver blood deficiency causing wind.
Damp Heat in the liver and Gall Bladder
Cold in the liver channel.
Liver out of balance in terms of Storing blood
Deficiency. Signs and symptoms
If liver blood deficient ( Xu): Amenorrhea.
Paleness
Also may not nourish and moisten tendons and symptoms of spasms/cramps. stiffness, tremors. Possible clumsiness.
Dry and cracked NAILS and possible stress lines as 'sinews' not nourished.
EYES affected: if liver blood xu blured vision, floaters, dry eyes.
Slight irritability
Tongue: pale and dry and maybe orangey sides.
Pulse: choppy or thin.
Aetiology of liver blood deficiency:
poor diet. haemorrhage, kidney jing xu.
Treatment of liver blood deficiency
Nourish liver blood.
Bladder 17, bladder 18, bladder 20, liver 8, spleen 6, Stomach 36, Ren 4 (moxa)
Liver blood heat
If Liver blood hot or stagnant or hot- dysmenorrhea, Metrohagia
Liver yin deficiency: signs and symptoms
Blurred vision, dizziness, malar flush, afternoon fever, 5 Palm heat, restless, irritable. All symptoms from yin deficiency.
Aetiology of yin deficiency.
Excess sex, excess exercise and physical exertion. Woman from Liver blood deficiency.
Treatment principle for liver yin deficiency.
Nourish liver-yin. Liver 3, Liver 8, Bladder18. Kidney 3, Kidney 6, Spleen 6, Bladder 23.
Liver Yang Rising: signs and symptoms
Headaches, irritability, feeling worked up, tinnitus, deafness.
Tongue: red expecially on sides.
Pulse wiry.
Pathology of liver yang rising.
Symptoms from liver yang rising and liver yin Xu.
Aetiology:
emotional problems over a long period
Treatment of liver yang rising
Subdue liver yang, nourish yin.
Points Liv 3, Gallbladder 43, SanJiao 5, Gallbladder 38, Bladder 2 and Gall bladder 20. Reduce Gallbladder 6, 8, 9. Kidney 3, Spleen 6, Liver 8 ( reinforce).
Liver-Fire Blazing upwards; signs and symptoms
Irritability and outbursts of anger, tinnitus, deafness, headache, dizziness, red eyes and face, thirst, bitter taste, dream disturbed sleep , constipation with dry stools (?), dark urine, epistaxis, haematemesis.
Tongue: dry yellow coat. Pulse full, wiry and rapid. Heat.
Aetiology of liver- fire blazing.
Long term anger, diet of fried food, alcohol, lots of meat.
Treatment of Liver fire blazing upwards.
Liver 2, Liver 3, Gallbladder 20, Gallbladder 13. Bladder 18 ( reduce)
Signs and symptoms of liver blood stagnation
Dark and clotted menstrual blood, abdominal pain, masses in the abdomen, painful periods, irregular periods, vomiting blood, epistaxis
Tongue purple ( purple spots. at sides)
Pulse wiry
Aetiology of liver blood stagnation
Long term liver Qi stagnation ( emotional problems that have gone on a long time)
Liver out of balance in terms of role in emotions: ie smooth flow of chi disrupted. STAGNATION. Signs and symptoms.
Stagnation is when there is not smooth flow of Qi. It can impair movement of blood in chong/ren mai.
Stagnant Qi causes: frustration, irritability, depression....
Stagnant Qi physical symptoms: oppression of chest, abdominal distension, lump in throat.
PMS. Distension of breasts; irregular periods.
Tongue: may be normal.
Pulse: wiry (left hand mid position)
Liver Stagnation treatment.
Liver 3, GallBladder 34, Liver 13, Liver 14, SanJiao 6, Pericardium 6.
Treatment principle for liver blood stagnation: points
Move liver Qi, Regulate blood.
Liver 3, Gall Bladder 34, Bladder 18, Bladder, Bladder 17, Spleen 10, Kidney 14, Spleen 6 ( reduce)
Liver out of balance affecting Digestion.
Smooth flow of bile disrupted: bitter taste, belching digestion.
Liver Qi Can Invade Stomach. Belchiing, sour regurtition, nausea
Liver Qi can invade the Spleen: disturbs spleens function in transportation and transformation: loose stools and digestion affected.
Liver Heat
Can affect eyes which become hot and burning.
Damp Heat in Liver and Gall bladder
Signs and symptoms
Fullness and pain in chest and hypochondrum, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, vaginal discharge/ itching, pain and redness and swelling of scrotum, jaundice, bitter taste.
Tongue: red with sticky yellow coat.
Pulse: wiry and slippery
Aetiology of damp heat in the liver.
Any causes of spleen chi deficiency and dampness. Liver Qi stagnation.
Can also be external invasion of damp heat. Pathology is accumulation of dampness causing an obstruction and damp heat symptoms.
Treatment of liver damp heat.
Resolve Damp, Clear heat, disperse liver and Gall bladder.
Points: Liver 13, 14, Gallbladder 24, Bladder 18, Bladder 19, Du 9, Spleen 9, Large intestine 11, Liver 2, Ren 2.
Liver wind agitating within. Aetiology
Liver wind agitating is seen in acute febrile diseases:
a)invasion of exteriour heat or wind heat penetrating to blood level.
Can also be caused by :
b)liver yang rising.
Signs and symptoms: sudden unconsciousness, convulsions, hemiplegia, aphasia, dizziness.
Tongue: peeled and deviated.
Pulse floating, empty or wiry.
c) Liver blood deficiency causing wind, symptoms of numbness, tremor of limbs.
Treatment of liver wind agitating within. (see previous card)
a)Liver 3, Liver 2, Small intestine 3, Du 20, Du 16, Gallbladder 20
b)Liver 8, Spleen 6, Kidney 3, Liver 3, Du 16, Gall bladder 20 ( reduce), Bladder 18.
c)subdue wind and nourish liver blood. Liver 3, Large intestine 4, Gall bladder 20, Du 16 and Du 20, Liver 8, Spleen 6, Kidney 3, Bladder 17, 18, 20 and 23.
Cold in Liver Channel; signs and symptoms.
Fullness and pain in hypogastrium, pain refers to testes, contraction of scrotum, shrinking of vagina, pain better with warmth.
Tongue: pale, wet white coat.
Pulse: wiry deep and slow.
Aetiology of cold in Liver channel
Invasion of cold.
Treatment of cold in liver channel:
Sedate liver and disperse cold. Points Ren3, Liver 5, Liver 1.
Liver out of balance: extras.
Liver Hun if not rooted loses its home it can wander and lack of direction , no vision, no hope, sleep disturbance.
also can cause the opposite; if liver out of balance; over plan, over structure, overly rigid and organised.
What does the Sue Wen say about the Gall Bladder
The Gall Bladder is responsible for what is just and exact. Determination and decision stem from it.
Functions of Gallbladder
Stores and excretes bile to aid digestion
Rules decision making: gives courage to make decisions
Controls the tendons and supplies the Qi for movement.
GB 34 is the influential point for the sinews.
Pathologies of Gall Bladder
Damp heat in GallBladder ( excess pattern)
Gallbladder deficient ( deficient pattern)
Damp heat in Gall bladder signs and symptoms
Hypochondriac pain and distension, nausea, vomiting, inability to digest fats, yellow complexion, scanty dark urine, fever, thirst with no desire to drink, bitter taste.
Could be western Cholelithiasis: Gall stones ( dampness over cooked by heat).
Tongue: sticky yellow coat. may be on right hand side?
Pulse: wiry and slippery
Aetiology of damp heat in Gall bladder.
a) emotional eg long term unresolved anger
b) Poor diet
c) external damp heat invading.
Treatment of damp heat in Gallbladder
Resolve damp, Clear heat, move liver Qi.
Points: Gallblader 24, Liver 14, Gall bladder 34, Du 9, Bladder 19, 18, Large intestine 11 ( reduce)Bladder 20, Ren 12.
Gallbladder deficient signs and symptoms
Dizziness, blurred vision, nervous, timidity, easily startled, lack of anger, courage of initiative, sighing.
Tongue: pale or normal
Aetiology of Gallbladder deficient.
Character of person formed under pressure from relationships/trauma
Treatment of Gallbladder deficiency.
Gallbladder 40, Bladder 19. reinforce:moxa.
Function and correlates of fire?
Relates to summer. Organs Heart and vasculature; small intestine; Pericardium and San Jiao. Associated with warmth/heat and also autonomic nervous system? Emotion is Joy, heart houses Shen/mind. Small intestine is about discerning pure/impure. Pericardium is emotionally protecting. Manifests in the complexion; opens into tongue.
What are the FUNCTIONS OF THE HEART?
Refer to fire.
GOVERNS BLOOD:
CONTROLS BLOOD VESSELS and circulation.
Relates and controls SWEAT as sweat is closely related to fluids.
MANIFESTS in the complexion.
HOUSES the MIND/Shen.
OPENS to the TONGUE.
SMELL: SCORCHED.
TASTE: BITTER
SOUND is laughing
COLOUR is Red.
Fire unbalanced
Excess joy. Burn out. Lack of joy/ depression. Insomnia. Cardiac disease.
What is pathology of Heart
Relate it also to distribution of channel: Heart lungs, small intestine, diaphragm, throat and eyes, medial side of arms, goes to tip of tongue and eyes.
Look at relationships to eg sweat, to speaking, to tongue, to mental state, to heat.

DEFICIENCY PATTERNS
Heart Qi Deficiency.
Heart Yang Deficiency.
Heart blood Deficiency.
Heart Yin Deficiency

EXCESS PATTERNS
Heart fire blazing
Phlegm Fire Agitating within
Phlegm misting the Heart

MIXED PATTERNS
Heart-blood stagnant
Heart Qi Deficiency
General signs of Qi Deficiency plus palpitations and shortness of breath. Palpitations in day time and not many associated symptoms
Tongue is pale. Heat pulse weak.
Aetiology of Heart Qi Deficiency
Severe blood loss which then weakens heart as close relationship to blood and Qi. Chronic illness.
Emotional problems.
Treatment of Heart Qi Deficiency
Treat Spleen Qi Deficiency. Pericardium 6 ( Luo connecting point)
Heart 7 ( Yuan source point of the heart). Ren 14 ( Mu point of the heart)
Heart Yang Deficiency
Heart Qi deficiency but more severe. Can correlate to heart failure. Cold symptoms with inability to get warm.
Tongue very pale. Pulse deep and very weak.
How to treat Heart Qi Deficiency.
Treat Heart Deficiency with moxa.
Pathology of Heart Blood Deficiency
Blood is the mother of Qi. The heart governs blood so if blood is deficient the heart suffers.
Aetiology of Heart blood deficiency
insufficient blood producing foods.
Anxiety and worry over a long period of time
Signs and symptoms of heart blood deficiency
Palpitations which are more in the evening and uneasiness/ anxiety. not on exertion.
Dizziness.Insomnia.
Dull pale complexion.
Pulse choppy and fine.
Tongue pale
Treatment of heart blood deficiency
Points: Heart 7. ( Yuan source point)
Bladder 15 ( Back Shu heart point.)
Spleen 6.
Bladder 20 ( spleen back shu point: to tonify spleen and encourage blood production).
Herbal formula for sleep: An mian, Yingtang
Heart Yin Deficiency
Same symptoms as YIn Deficiency and Heart blood Deficiency.
Memory problems
insomnia ( waking up during the night)
Heat
Palpitations
Pulse: weak and thin in heart position. Tongue red spots in heart area and at tip. Possible crack
Treatment of Heart yin Deficiency
Heart 7 ( Yuan source point)
Bladder 15 ( back Shu of Heart).
Spleen 6 ( tonfify yin)
Kidney 3 ( Yuan source point)
Pericardium 7 ( Yuan source point: clears heat from heart).
Signs and symptoms of Heart blood stagnation
Stabbing pain and stuffiness in heart area referring down left arm.
Pulse choppy and irregular
Tongue: purple spots on tip, enlarged and curly sublingual veins
Treatment of Heart Blood stagnation
Pericardium 4. ( Xi cleft /accummulation )Moves blood stagnation
Pericardium 6. ( Luo connecting point); Opens chest).
Bladder 14 ( Back she for pericardium)
Bladder 17. ( Diaphragm and blood point)
Ren 17. ( Moves blood. Mu point for the Pericardium. Hui point for Qi.
Heart Heat /Fire
Thirst, redness
poor sleep,
restlessness and irritability
Tongue ( ulcers)
Pulse full and rapid.
Tongue red. Yellow dry coating.
Treatment of Heart Fire
Heart 9, Heart 8, Pericardium 7 ( Yuan source point: clears heat from heart.
Function of Small Intestine
Separates pure part of food from impure. Sends pure part to the spleen. Impure part goes to Large intestine.
Sends pure part of the fluids to to large intestine to be reabsorbed.
Sends impure part of fluids to bladder for excretion.
Mental level: controls our ability to discern.
What is the difference between the different organs in terms of mental
discernment; decision making.
Heart gives mental clarity and integration
Small intestine gives discrimination capacity
Gall bladder gives decisiveness
What are the small intestine pathologies
Excessive heat in small intestine. Signs and symptoms are fullness in lower abdoemen but also blood in urine and painful urination??
Pulse rapid and full.
Tongue red and yellow coating.
Treatment for small intestine
Heart 5 ( Luo connecting point)
Ren 3
Bladder 28 ( back shu of small intestine)
What is the relationship of the Pericardium to other organs
The pericardium is the envelop to the heart..
The pericardium pairs with the San Jiao.
In the six divisions as part of Jue yin it pairs with the liver.

Pericardium has a relationship to Kidney. Minister of fire from kidney and PC function are related communication through Liver and Gall bladder and triple burner. ? see diagram p11 TCM 11.
Pericardium is connected with the Uterus via the uterus vessel ( chong mai?).
Note. ( In pulse diagnosis PC, uterus, Ming Meng share the same rear position on the wrist.
What is the history of the Pericardium
Regarded as an appendage to the heart. 5 yin and 6 yang organs. No Pericardium shu stream point.
Quote from Simple Questions: 'the pericardium is the ambassador and from it joy and happiness derive'.
Function of the Pericardium
Outer cover of the heart and protects the heart.
Governs blood: invigorates and cools blood via the PC channel.

Influences the chest and the heart and lungs and issues related to breathing.
Influences the centre of the chest. PC 6.
Pericardium and the mind spirit.
Houses mind. PC points treat mental and emotional conditions.
If deficiency of blood in pericardium can have slight depression and anxiety.
Blood heat of PC can cause anxiety.
PC and liver in Yue yin also implicated re mind issues.
Pericardium and menstruation.
See relationship to the uterus. PC blood deficiency, and blood stasis and heat all affect menstruation. ( see diagram p 13 TCM VI)
Pericardium pathologies
Invasion of Heat
Blood deficiency
Pericardium fire
Qi stagnation in pericardium
Pathology of Pericardium, Invasion of heat.
External Pathogenic factor
Invasion of heat. Fever at night. delirium. body hot but hand and feet cold.
Incoherent speech: red and dry with no coating with red cots on tip and side.
Pulse: fine-rapid.
See p 44 TCM VI
Treatment Principle for invasion of heat of PC.
Clear Nutitive level of heat.
Points: PC9. PC8, Heart 6 and Kidney 6
Pericardium Fire Aetiology:
Emotional strain ( greif, worry, sadness, anger +.
Diet: hot food and red meat and alcohol.
Pericardium fire: signs and symptoms
Palpitations, tightness and heat feeling in chest, rapid breath, thirst, dream disturbed sleep and insomnia, restlessness and agitation.
Tongue: red particularly at tip with protruding dots and spots.
Pulse full and rapid in left front position.
( can lead to heart yin deficiency and liver fire)
Treatment of Pericardium Fire
PC8, Heart 8, Bladder 14, Ren 14, 15, 17. Large intestine 11, Du 19, 24. Spleen 6. Liver 2
Herbal formulae for Heat of PC.
Qing Ying tang
An Gong Niu Huang Wan
Treatment of Pericardium
Points> Pericardium 5 resolves Phlegm and treats mental confusion.
Pericardium 6: lifts mood and treats depression.
Pericardium 7 calms the mind.
Qi stagnation in Pericardium aetiology
Emotional strain
Pathology of PC fire.
Liver Qi stagnation - heat and blood stasis.
Signs and symptoms of Pericardium stagnation
Tightness, distension or slight pain in chest, mild short ness of breath, sighing, plumstone throat, depression, irritability, weak and cold limbs.
Tongue slightly purple on sides in chest area.
San Jiaou /Triple Burner and functions.
One of 6 Yang organs.
Pairs with the Pericardium: yang component of PC.
Pairs with Gall Bladder in the 6 divisions and is Shao yang.

As body cavities: spaces in the three jiao. Space between skin and muscle and between membranes of abdominal cavity.
Treatment of Pericardium Qi Stagnation
Pericardium 6, Spleen 4, Heart 7, Ren 14, 15, 17, Bladder 14. Lung 7. Stomach 40, Large intestine 4.
herbal formulae: Ban xia hou po tang
Blood Stasis in pericardium: Aetiology
Emotional strain over a long time. Over work, sitting over a desk for a long time.
Blood stasis of Pericardium pathology.
formation of phlegm, liver blood stasis, dryness in the elderly
Blood stasis of Pericardium treatment
PC6, PC4, Ht 7, Ren 14, Ren 17, Bladder 14 and 17. Spleen 10.
Blood stasis of Pericardium: signs and symptoms
Palpitation, stabbing or pricking pain in the chest, radiating pain to the inner side of arm, shortness of breath, purple lips and fingers , cold hands. Painful periods with dark and clotty blood
Tongue purple.
Pulse: choppy wiry and knotted.
Function of San Jiao.
Has function collections but no clear structure.
Mobiliser of original Qi.upper burner mist, mid burner maceration, lower burner ditch.
Three divisions of the body: and as such has function with the function of the three jiao: defensive ( upper Jiao), nutritive qi- Spleen /Middle burner. excreting waste ( lower jiao).Controls the water passages and the excretion of fluids: fluids = urine, fluid in stools, sweat.
Assists liver with smooth flow of emotions. Paired with Gall bladder ( wood).
Other emotional correlates that are associated with San Jiao
See page 35 TCM VI.
Treatment point
SJ 8 stimulates the TB and function of transportation and penetration of Qi. See Table 23 in TCM VI.
To treat excretion of fluids.
Ren 17 ( treats upper jiaou), Ren 9 ( middle jiaou)Ren 5 for (lower jiao).
Function and correlates
Of EARTH
Season late summer or and point of changing season. Organ stomach and spleen.
Colour Yellow. Tissue is the muscles or limbs.
Yi which is thought interlect is spirit of Earth.
Voice sound is singing.
taste is sweet

Also related to being centred, empathetic etc.
What is the differene between the spleens relationship to thinking and other organs relationship to mind activity?
Earth/spleen governs thinking in terms of studying.
Heart influences thinking in terms of every day thinking: general mental state. and associated with long term memory.
Kidney nourishes the brain and influences short-term memory in every day life ( dementia).
What is function of Spleen in terms of the different substances?
Spleen Qi produces Gu or food Qi which is the basis of other types of Qi.
1. The key Qi functions governed by Spleen are transformation and transportation of fluids, blood, essence, and also has a role in raising or holding for example organs in their place and blood in blood vessels.
2. In terms of Blood it has a role in making blood and also has a role in circulation specifically holding blood in the blood vessels.
3. It is the source of Post Heaven Essence and involved in transformation of post heaven essence.
4. In terms of fluids it has a role in separation from food and transformation of fluids.
What are functions of Spleen?
With the stomach spleen is the root of post heaven chi.
1. Transforms food into Qi and blood.
2. Transports fluids and food and distributes it around the body. ( assisting lung function).
3. Governs blood and this means holding and moving it in vessels.
4. controls: the muscles and four limbs.
5. Opens in the mouth.
6. Manifest in the lips
7. Houses thought/interlect. Called Yi
8. Spleen likes dryness.

9. Exteriour pathogenic factors: Easily attacked by external dampness. Woman particularly vulnerable during their period and after child birth. RA a symptom of this
Spleen Channel
Spleen channel pass through the inner side of thighs and legs and deep channel passes over the uterus. It also passes through the stomach and large intestine. The inner channel passes to the chest, rib side, heart and lung.
What are imbalances of spleen?
Deficiency conditions.

Spleen Qi deficiency:

Spleen Yang deficiency ( cold)

Spleen not controlling blood.

Spleen Qi sinking.

Excess conditions:
Cold dampness invading spleen
Damp heat invading spleen.
Signs and symptoms of Spleen chi deficiency
Spleen Qi deficiency: Digestive symptoms could be, weak appetite/ craving sweet food.Gas, lose stools.Food intolerance. water retention ( tongue, teeth marks). Other non digestive symptoms could be cold limbs, lack of concentration, change of mouth taste, lip changes.
Tongue swollen and teeth marks. Pulse thready especially in spleen position.
How to Treat Spleen Qi Deficicncy
Points: Spleen 3, Spleen 6. Stomach 36. Ren 6. Ren 12.Bladder 20.

Herb mixes:
1. Si jun zi tang: four gentleman decoction
2. Buzhong yi qi tang:
What are signs and symptoms of Spleen Yang Deficiency
Same as spleen Qi deficiency but worse.
-Cock crow diarrhoea.
-lose very watery stools
- extreme fatigue and cold.
Pulse: week, slow and sunken.
Western equivalence: under-active thyroid.
How to treat Spleen Yang Deficiency
Tonify and warm Spleen. Same as spleen qi deficiency but use Moxa.
Herb mix. Li Zhong Tang.
Signs and symptoms of Spleen Qi not holding blood.
Bleeding ( uterus, nose, stools)
Bruising easily ( not necessarily to do with platelet function)
Tongue swollen.
Pulse: weak , especially in spleen position. ( right mid position).
Western equivalent: platelet decrease, and aplastic anemia.
How to treat spleen not holding blood.
Tonifye spleen Qi.
Bladder 17.
Spleen 8 to treat uterine bleeding.

Herb mix is Gui pi Wan/tang ( Restore the Spleen decoction).
Signs and symptoms of Spleen Qi Sinking.
Organ prolapse, uterus, miscarriage, haemorrhoids, hernia.
plus other signs of spleen Qi deficiency.
Tongue swollen and pale.
Pulse weak int he spleen position.

other western related diagnosis: myasthenia gravis and organ prolapse
Treatment for Spleen Qi sinking.
Tonifye spleen Qi and raise Qi.
Du 20. Du 1, Ren -6, Stomach 21. All used to treat specific organ prolapse.
Herb. bu zhong yiqi tang. Tonify middle and augment Qi.
Sings and symptoms of Spleen excess condition. Damp cold invading spleen.
Feeling of heaviness and oppression of chest and upper abdomen.
Loose stools: diarrhoea
Dislikes cold and likes warm food and drink.

Tongue: swollen with teeth marks and white and sticky greasy coating.
Pulse slippery and fast.
How to treat Damp heat invading spleen
Clear heat and disperse damp.
Points Spleen 9, Du 9, Large intestine 11, Bladder 20. Gallbladder 34
What are some combined spleen and other organ pathologies?
Spleen and lung deficiency.
Spleen and liver blood deficiency.
Spleen damp with liver qi stagnation.
Signs and symptoms of Spleen and lung deficiency
Spleen qi deficiency: digestion manifestations plus tiredness.
Lung qi deficiency: breathless, weak voice, poor immunity.
Pale tongue and swollen.
Pulse: weak on right middle position.

Western equivalent. M.E. low immunity
Treatment of Spleen and lung Qi deficiency.
Points: stomach 36. Spleen 3. Bladder 20.. Bladder 13. Du 12.

Herbal formulas.
Yu ping feng san-Jade wind spring powder
Shen ling bai zhu wan- ( Ginseng, poria, atractyloides powder)
Signs and symptoms of spleen and liver blood deficiency?
Blood deficiency: Dizziness , tiredness, blurred vision, numbness and tingling sensation in the limbs.
Spleen qi deficiency. loose stools and poor appetites.
Liver stagnancy signs: emotional and stress signs
tongue: pale thin or swollen.
Pulse: wiry in liver position . could be choppy.
Western equivalent. Fibroids, Menopause
How to treat spleen and liver blood deficiency
Stomach 36, Spleen 6, bladder 20 and 21, liver 8, Bladder 17 and 18.

Herbal formulae:
Xiao Yao Wan: Free and easy wanderer
Gui Pi Wan: Restore spleen decoction.
Signs and symptoms of spleen damp combined with liver Qi stagnation.
Spleen Qi deficiency.
Liver Qi stagnation
Damp accumulation plus heat.

Tongue: pale with teeth marks and yellow greasy coating.
Duodenum uleer
Treatment of spleen damp combined with liver qi stagnation
Points: Ren 12, Spleen 6, Spleen 3, Bladder 20, Liver 13, Gallbladder 34 and 24.
Signs and symptoms of Damp -heat invading spleen
Loose stools and smelly. Burning sensation of anus. scanty and dark urine.western equivalence: dysentary, diarrhoea.Tongue red and swollen with greasy yellow thick coating.
Imbalance of Spleen
If Spleen is weak: transformation and transportation is slowed down.
Damp can be formed and if excessive this can turn to phlegm. Also can get oedema/water retention
Symptoms are : abdominal distension,
Tongue is swollen as spleen not processing fluids. Coating is indicative of damp.
Also urinary problems? and vaginal discharge?

Mental: Extreme anger impairs spleen ( liver over acting on spleen)
Life style factors: excessive cold foods can impair spleen.
What are functions of Stomach
Stomach likes moistness and is downward moving. Controls descending of food.
Controls rotting and ripening of food in preparation for the spleen to separate and extract essence from food and also to pass onto the small intestine.
It is the origin of fluids.
Stomach pathologies
deficiency conditions
Stomach Qi deficiency ( which is the same as spleen deficiency
Stomach deficiency plus cold
Stomach Yin deficiency

Excess patterns
Stomach fire
Cold invading stomach
Stomach Qi rebelling upwads
Stomach food retention
stagnation of blood in stomach.
signs and symptoms of Stomach qi deficiency and cold.
It is a deficient condition over a period of time and may be due to a prolonged chronic disease. Prolonged poor nutrition.
Cold feeling of upper abdomen: preference for warm drinks and food, feeling better for eating and pressure and massage.

Tongue and pulse is same as for spleen qi yang deficiency.
Signs and symptoms of cold invading stomach.
Pain in epigastrium which may feel cold to touch,
Pain better for heat
may be vomiting of liquid

Tongue : pale centre with greasy coat
Pulse might be tight
Is this the same as food retention??
Tratment of food retention
Ren 13, 12, 10. Stomach 21, Stomach 44, Pericardium 6, Spleen 4, Large intestine 4.
Herbal formulae: Bao he wan. Pill to harmonise the stomach.
Signs and symptoms of Stomach Qi rebelling upwards
Life style: die to eating in unrelaxed way. This pathology will accompany other pathologies. Often related to liver Qi stagnation.
How to treat stomach rebelling upwards.
Points: ren 13, 10, Spleen 4, stomach 21, Pericardium 6. Stomach 19

Herbal formulas.
Mu xiang shun qi wan
Shu gan wan
Treatment for stomach cold.
Tonify and warm stomach. Treat as Qi /Yang deficiency
Ren 12 moxa, bladder 21, Large intestine 4. Stomach 36. Pericardium 6, Stomach 21 and 34.
Herb formulas.
Huo xiang zheng Qi wan: Agastache powder to rectify the Qi
Xiang sha yang wei wan.
Signs and symptoms of stomach yin deficiency
Dryness of the mouth and lips, sores in the mouth. yin deficiency symptoms, dry belching.

Tongue: Centre cracks with peeled coating or rootless coating.
Thready.
Western equivalent is gastritis.
How to treat stomach yin deficiency
Spln 6, Kidney 3, Bladder 21, Stomach 44, stomach 36.
Herb formulae: Yu nv Jian: Jade woman decoction
Signs and symptoms of stomach fire.
Burning pain in the epigastrum, acid reflux, strong hunger, Bleeding and ulcerated gums, bad breath, constipation.

Stomach bleeding ? acute.
Pulse may be full in stomach position ( mid right`)
Treatment
Clear Stomach Heat.
Points: STomach 44, ( clear heat), Ren 12, Stomach 21.
How does one distinguish between full stomach heat and deficient stomach heat?
...
Relationship of stomach to other organs.
Stomach is the root of the 5 yin organs.
Controls the transportation of food essences, bringing food essences to the whole body. It is paired with Spleen which is yin organ: both occupy the middle burner as a 'important communicating centare to ensure the smooth flow of Qi.
Stomach is paired with lung in 6 divisions. ' stomach chi reaches the lung channel to be reflected on the pulse, soft and gentle pulse is the Qi pulse.
Liver Qi contributes to descending of downward movement of stomach Qi.
Stomach kidney is closely related to Kidney as fluids important to stomach and kdiney's can over flow to influence digestion
Earth imbalance could manifest as ?
Gastro intestinal disorders, Damp in digestion, heaviness in the limbs. Over thinking/worry. Prolapse such as hernias or uterus. Also bruising as blood not held in blood vessels. Psychologically :Over sympathetic, smothering.
What are pathologies of stomach?
Yin deficiency ( dislikes dryness)
Heat
Excess:
Rebellion of Qi
Tongue coverings can be related to the stomach. Can be dry with less coating and this is yin deficiency.
Excess patterns of stomach such as Fire and Phlegm can lead to mental symptoms: uncontrolled laughing or singing, mental confusion. Being violent, anxious.
Pathologies which pertain to stomach in relationship to other organs.
Stomach can easily be affected by stagnation and food retention.
Can be symptoms fullness and distension, acid reflux, belching, hiccup, nausea and vomiting.
If there is long term Yi ( fluid) deficiency can result int kidney yin deficiency.
What are the different types of phlegm?
Damp Phlegm, Dry Phlegm, Cold phlegm, Phlegm Fire, wind phlegm, Qi Phlegm.
What commonly will you find with tongue
The tongue is greasy. The pulse is slippery
What exception is there?
Dry phlegm: where there is a greasy coating but it might be dry on the surface.
Pulse is thin.
Give examples of each kind of phlegm.
DAMP PHLEGM is copious, there might be digestive stagnation., nausea fatigue and stuffy chest.
COLD PHLEGM there is aversion to cold and pulse might be slow and deep.White coat to tongue.
PHLEGM FIRE: phlegm will be yellow or green, mental restlessness, delirium. Tongue shows signs of heat ie yellow coating and red body.
WIND PHLEGM: dizziness, vertigo, stroke,numbness.
QI PHLEGM. This is invisible phlegm and examples are plumstone throat; oppression in chest, Protruding lumps which are not substantial in texture.
How do you treat phlegm generally?
Stomach 40. Pericardium 5 which treats phlegm in upper body and head.
What points might you use for the different types of phlegm?
DAMP PHLEGM: Pericardium 6 ( clears nausea)
WIND PHLEGM; Gallbladder 20, ( clears head)Du 20.
HEAT PHLEGM: Large intestine 11
DRY PHLEGM: Spleen 6. Ren 4). aim to tonify yin to increase fluids.
QI PHLEGM: Ren 22,( local point to clear throat. Spleen 21, Ren 17, pericardium 6 to open the chest.
What herbal formules could you use?
Cold and damp phlegm: er Chen Tang
Fire phlegm: Qing Qi Hua Pu tan Wan
Qi Phlegm: Ban Xia Hou Pu tang
Wind phlegm: Ban xia bai zhu tian ma tang.
Function and correlates of metal
Season Autumn. Organs lung and large intestine: governs skin. sense organ is the nose. Governs breathing/ respiration. From TCM perspective lung governs Wei Chi and there for immune function.On psychological level and physical level also about ' letting go' and eliminating.
What is nature and function of lungs?
' Lungs are the Prime Minister'.
Direct contact with the external world. There for tender and susceptible to 'external evils'. Lungs also govern skin: Skin like lungs breathes and exchanges substances. Opens into the nose and there for has a relationship to smell. Also had relationship to the Larynx and there fore the voice.

Lungs/ respiration governs Qi and essential for life. Moves Qi.
Disperse Qi and fluids. Dislikes dryness.

Governs Wei Qi ( defensive Qi) to control the pores on the skin. Disperse the waste fluids through perspiration.

It also sends it down to the kidney/urine. Also cleanses mucus when accumulates inside the lungs.
Lungs connect all the blood vessels. Assists with heart governing blood circulation.

spirit of lungs is PO: it is a corporeal soul and is material and belongs to the earth. ( Does also have a relationship with the liver spirit: Hun).
Imbalance of metal could manifest as?
Skin diseases may be a metal pathology, also constipation or diarrhoea(?). Asthma where difficulty breathing out.

Human emotion is grief so un able to grieve or holding onto grief are metal element pathologies.

Lungs are the home for phlegm.
What are the different type of lung pathology?
Deficiency
Lung Yin Deficiency
Lung Dryness
Invasion of wind
Phlegm retention
Signs and symptoms of lung Deficiency
Deficiency: symptoms of deficiency are shortness of breath, chronic cough, weak voice, weak immune system.
Add these symptoms to other types of deficiency which have symptoms of deficiency: fatigue, pale face, prolapse of organs.
Tongue will be pale. Pulse weak in lung position ( Right 1st position).
How do you treat Lung Deficiency?
Bladder 13, lung 9, Ren 6, Stomach 36. Tonifying needling methods and moxibustion.
Signs and symptoms of Lung Yin Deficiency?
Chronic dry cough.
Dry throat,
Night sweating
Tongue : cracks, peeling.
Pulse: weak, rapid thin fine.
Also other symptoms of yin deficiency.
Treatment of Yin Lung Deficiency?
Lung 1, Lung 9. Kidney 6, Urinary Bladder 13, Spleen 6 ( nourishes yin and blood), Kidney 3 ( nourishes yin), Lung 5 ( Clear lung heat)
Signs and symptoms of Lung Dryness?
Same as lung yin deficiency but also, throat , tongue and lips might be dry.
Signs and symptoms of Invasion of wind?
Sudden onset of cold/ flu type symptoms which include sneezing, headache at the back. Tongue appears normal. Pulse may be floating or superficial.
Difference between wind cold and wind heat invasion?
Wind cold has more cold symptoms, with clear mucus.
With invasion of wind heat more hot symptoms and sore throat. Mucus thicker and yellow. Pulse more rapid
Treatment of invasion of wind?
Large Intestine 14, Lung 7, SanJiaou 5, Bladder 12 and 14, Gall bladder 20. For wind heat add Lung 11 and Du 14 to clear heat.
What are symptoms of Phlegm retention in the lungs?
Coughing with copious sputum, Fullness of chest, possible Asthma.
Pulse is slippery.
Tongue has a greasy coat.
How do you treat phlegm retention?
Lung 9, Bladder 13, Stomach 40 ( all phlegm conditions), Pericardium 5. May also tonify spleen eg Stomach 36.
What is function of colon.
Colon is yang counter part to yin Lung and in six divisions is paired with the Stomach.
Digesting and transporting of food and drink. ```hollow.
What are the two pathologies of the large intestine?
Damp heat
Fluid Deficiency
What are symptoms of Damp heat in the Large Intestine?
Smelly stools maybe with blood or mucus.
Haemarroids with burning sensation or pain
Diarrhoea or constipation, erratic.
Pulse slippery and rapid
Tongue red with yellow coat.
Treatment of Damp Heat?
Bladder 25, stomach 25, Stomach 37.
What are signs and symptoms of Large Intestine fluid deficiency?
Constipation.
Tongue red and dry
Pulse: thin and rough ( choppy)
How do you treat fluid deficiency of the Large intestine?
SanJiaou 6, Kidney 3, Stomach 25.
Function and correlates of water
Winter is the season.
Organs are kidney and bladder.
systems related are endocrine system, bone and brain.
Sense organ is the ears.
Water element is related to preheaven Qi.
Emotion is fear.
Sound: groaning.
Manifests in; Hair of head
Taste is salty.
Colour is blue black.
Produces marrow.
Controls the lower orifices
Houses Zhi Will Power.
Kidneys ( Shen)
Kidneys store `Jing
/ essence and are the root of preheaven Qi.
The kidneys are the foundation of yin and yang for all other organs.
Kidney yin can be seen as the fundamental substance for birth, growth and reproduction.
Kidney yang can be see as the motive force behind all physiological processes.
Kidney yin provides the material substratum for kidney yang.
Kidney Yang is able to animate and give function to kidney yin.
They are totally linked and deficiency with one is interlinked with other.
Kidneys are water how ever through Ming men they are the source of fire in the body.
What is Ming Men?
Ming men resides between the two kidneys or in the right kidney ( depending on source).

It is the MOTIVE FORCE behind all functionality of the body.
( some modern thinkers relate it to the adrenals)
Distinguish between pre-heaven essence and post Heaven essence? What is their relationship to each other?
essence is inherited from the parents.Pre heaven essence nourishes the foetus pre birth and controls development and sexual maturation and fertility.
Post heaven essence is what is refined from food. It can in a small way nourish pre heaven Qi. Pre heaven Qi is finite and according to lifestyle can get depleted.
What is Function of Kidneys?
1. Stores Jing Essence and governs birth, growth, reproduction and development.

2. Produces Marrow and controls bones.
( Marrow is many things: it is the brain.
If kidney essence is strong brain function: memory and thinking will be strong.
If kidney essence is weak then memory , concentration and thinking will be done.
3. Governs water: like a gate that opens and closes to allow fluids to exit the lower jiao.
4. Controls the reception of Qi.

The Kidneys are the root of all other organs.
How does the Kidney work with other Zang fu to govern water?
1.Kidney provides the bladder with Qi to store and transform urine.

2. Kidney Yang plays a part in supporting Small intestine and `large intestine in separating water.

3. Kidney yang plays a role with the spleen to transport and transform fluids.
4. The kidneys receive fluids from the lungs some of which is excreted and some of which it vaporises back to moisten the lung.
What is Zhi?
Zhi means Will Power. The meaning of this is in the chinese writing. The upper component is a plant with the ability for growth. The lower part is the guiding force. This correlates to the relationship between the kidneys and the Heart.
Ideas behind Kidney Pathology
There are only Xu (deficiency) patterns as it is not possible to have Jing in excess.

Kidneys are the root of other organs and Kidney deficiency will in time manifest in the other organs and pathology in the other Zang fu will impact on the kidneys.

Excess over work, sex, over work depletes the kidneys: mental activity depletes kidney yin and physical activity depletes Kidney yang.
Kidney pathology patterns.
Deficiency Patterns.
- Kidney yin deficiency
- Kidney Yang deficiency
-Kidney Qi not firm
-Kidney failing to receive
-Kidney Jing deficiency.
Mixed pathologies of kidney
Kidney yang deficient , water over flowing
Kidney yin deficient, empty fire blazing
Kidney and liver yin deficiency
Kidney and heart not harmonised
Kidney and lung yin deficiency
Kidney and spleen yang deficiency
What are signs and symptoms of kidney Yin deficiency
dizziness, tinnitus, poor memory, deafness, dry mouth at night, night sweats, five palm heat, weak back and knees, constipation, dark scanty urine.
Treatment of Kidney Yin deficiency
Nourish Kidney Yin.
Ren 4, Ren 1: tonify kidney yin and Jing
Kidney 3 and 6 and 9, and 10. Tonify
Kidney yin
Spleen 6: tonify kidney and liver yin and calm the shen.
Aetiology of of Kidney yin deficiency.
Chronic illness
Overwork/ stress over an extended period
Excessive sexual activity
Depletion of Jin ye Body fluids from febrile disease
Loss of blood over a long time.
Pathology of Kidney yin
Kidney yin fails to produce enough Marrow to fill up the brain and nourish the bones
Deficient kidney yin results in lack of fluids
Deficient kidney yin leads to Empty heat
Night sweating occurs because deficient yin fails to hold the Wei Qi at night, allowing precious yin essence to escape as sweat.
Pathology of Kidney Yang deficiency. Signs and symptoms
Lower back issues, cold back and knees, impotence, premature ejaculation, abundent clear urination, apathy, oedema, infertility, poor appetite, lose stolen.
Tongue: swollen and wet.
Pulse: deep and week
Pathology of Kidney Yang Deficiency
As with all yang deficiencies cold important: cold in back and knees. Weak sexual energy. Oedema and abundant clear urination.
Insufficient yang for the Spleen causing weak muscles, poor appetite and loose stools.
Aetiology of Kidney Yang deficiency
Chronic illness affecting the kidneys. Excess sexual activity and worse when exposure to cold.
Damp retention ( from spleen xu). this can obstruct the movement of fluids and further taxes kidney yang. Occurs with old age.
Treatment of Kidney Yang Deficiency
Treatment principle: Tonify and warm the kidneys, strengthen Ming Men Fire: Ren 4, Ren 6 ( moxa): tonify kidney yang
Bladder 23, 52, Kidney 3, Kidney 7. Tonify Kidney Yng
Du 4 Moxa. ( Tonify the fir of the Gate of Vitality.
Kidney Qi not Firm: signs and symptoms
Soreness of back and Knees,
abundant clear urination, incontinence/dribbling/weak stream\ nocturia/ impotence, nocturia.
Men: premature ejaculation, spermatorrhea
Woman: prolapse of uterus, chronic vaginal discharge.
Tongue: pale
Pulse: Deep and weak, especially on the proximal position.
Aetiology of Kidney not Firm
Excessive sexual activity is a common cause.
Frequent pregnancies and childbirths may also cause this pattern
Pathology of Kidney not firm
Variation of Kidney Yang deficiency but not same cold symptoms. Weak kidney is unable to control urination, sperm, or vaginal discharge.
Weak kidney yang fails to nourish the spleen resulting in discharges and prolapse.
Treatment f Kidney not Firm
Reinforce and stabilise Kidney Qi:
Points: Ren 4, Ren 6, Tonify Kidney Yang.
Bladder 23, Bladder 52,, Kidney 3, 7.Tonify kidney Yang
Du 4. Tonify the fire of the gate of vitality. Stop excessive urination
What are the mixed Kidney conditions
Kidney Yang deficiency
Kidney yang deficiency with water over flowing
Kidney yin deficiency with empty fire blazing.
Kidney and liver yin deficiency.
Kidney and heart not harmonised
Kidney and lung yin deficiency
Kdiney and spleen yang deficiency
Kidneys failing to receive qi.
Kidney Yang deficiency and water over flowing.
How is this different from Kidney Yang deficiency?
Oedema in different parts of the body. So could be oedema in ankles.
Also scanty clear urination.
If water over flowing or oedema around heart symptoms of breathlessness.
If water overflowing in the lungs frothy sputum, cough, asthma and breathlessness.
Tongue: pale, swollen, white coating
Pulse: deep weka and slow
What is Aetiology of Yang deficiency and water overflowing
Chronic retention of damp and this obstructs the kidneys.
Damp comes from Spleen Xu and if heart and lungs are affected there is deficiency in these organs as well.
Pathology of Yang deficiency and water overflowing.
Xu of kidney yang and fullness of damp.
Treatment of Kidney Yang Xu and water overflowing
Tonify and warm the kidneys. Transform water.
Points:
Du 4, Bladder 22. Transform fluids in the lower Jiaou.
Bladder 23, Kidney 7, tonify kidney yang.
Spleen 6 and 9, Resolve Dampness
Du 14 and Bladder 15. tonfify heart yang. if overflowing in heart
Du 12, Bladder 13. tonify lung Qi if lungs affected.
Kidney Yin Deficiency: Empty Fire Blazing signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms:
Malar flush, 5 palm heat, insomnia ( falling asleep easily but waking easily), dark scanty urine, excessive sexual desire, constipation.
Tongue: red peeled, cracked and red tip.
Pulse: floating empty rapid.
Aetiology of Kidney yin deficiency: empty fire blazing.
Same as Kidney yin deficiency with addition of emotional problems such as chronic worry and anxiety.
Pathology of Kidney Yin deficiency: Empty fire blazing.
This is an advanced kidney yin deficiency pattern. The symptoms are expressions of empty heat.
Treatment of kidney yin deficiency: empty fire blazing.
Treatment principle:
Nourish kidney yin, clear empty heat
Points:
Kidney 3 and 6 and 10. Tonify Kidney yin
Kidney 9, Ren 4, Spleen 6. Kidney yin and calm the Shen
Kidney 2, Clear empty fire from the kidneys.
Heart 5 conduct heat down from the face.
Kidneys failing to Receive Qi. Signs and symptoms
Shortness of breath on exertion, rapid and weak breathing, difficult in breath, cough asthma, cold limbs, swelling in the face , listnessess.
Tongue: Pale
Pulse: deep weak and tight.
Aetiology of Kidneys failing to Receive Qi
Hereditary weakness of lungs and kidneys/ long term chronic disease.
Excessive physical labour, particularly vulnerable during puberty. Involving standing.
Pathology of Kidneys failing to Receive Qi.
Kidney difficulty in receiving Qi- kidney yang deficiency + lung Qi deficiency. This leads to excess Qi accumulation in the chest and shortness of breath/ asthma. Difficulties on in breath and kidney does not grasp descending lung chi.
Fluids accumulate int he face as the lungs are not able to descend and disperse.
Treatment of Kidneys unable to receive Qi.
Treatment principle:
Tonify and warm and stimulate the kidneys to receive Qi.
Descend and disperse the lungs.
Points:
Lung 7 + Kidney 6: ( confluent points of ren mai)Open the Ren Mai, Descend lung Qi, strengthen the ability of the kidneys to grasp Qi.
Bladder 23, Du 4, Du 12- Tonify Kidney Yang
Ren 6, and Kidney 7. Tonify Kidney yang and draw Qi down.
Ren 17, Kidney 25. Stimulate the reception of Qi.
Kidney Jing Deficiency: Signs and symptoms
Weak bones and teeth, weak kness and lower back, premature grey hair, weak sexual activity.
children: late closure of the fontanelle, poor bone deveopment. , mental dullness and retardation.
Aetiology of Kidney Jing Deficiency.
Children: poor hereditary constituion ( weak or old parents). Adults: old age, history of excessive sexual activity.
Pathology of Kidney Jing deficiency.
Kidney Jing is root of kidney yin and yang and so deficiency will reflect in both.
Treatment of Kidney Jing Deficiency.
Kidney 3, Ren 4. Tonify Kidney yin and Jing
Bladder 23, 15. Nourish the through the back shu kidney and heart/shen.
Gall bladder 39, bladder 11. Nourish the bones and marrow.
Du 14, Du 20. Stimulate the marrow ad fill up the brain.
Kidney and liver yin deficiency: signs and symptoms.
Dull occipital or vertex headache, insomnia/ dream disturbed sleep, malare flush, dry eyes, dark scanty urine, scanty menstruation.
Tongue: red, peeled and cracked
Pulse: floating, empty and choppy.
Aetiology of Kidney Yin Xu and liver yin Deficiency.
This is the same as Kidney yin deficiency and liver blood deficiency plus emotional stresses problems: anger, frustration.

Also may develop from deficient liver blood and yin drawing on the kidneys.
Pathology of Kidney and liver yin deficiency.
Kidney and liver yin deficiency signs: Water not nourishing Wood.
The yin and blood of the liver are dependant on the yin and Jing of the kidneys.
Treatment of Kidney and liver yin deficiency
Treatment principle
Nourish kidneys and liver.
Points:
Kidney 3, 6, 10, ren 4. Tonify kidney yin
Liver 8. Tonify liver blood and yin.
Bladder 17, 18. Tonify Liver blood.
Bladder 10- clear occipital headache
Du 20- clear vertex headache.
Kidney and Heart not harmonised. Signs and symptoms
Palpitation, mental restlessness, insomnia, night sweats, poor memory, dizziness, malar flush, 5 palm heat, dark scanty urine.
Tongue: red peeled , cracked and red lip.
Pulse: floating, empty and rapid.
Aetiology of Kidney and heart not harmonised
This condition can develop from heart yin Xu.
Also Kidney yin deficiency. Also emotional issues: anxiety sadness, depression.
Pattern commonly seen in menopause.
Pathology of Kidney and heart not harmonised.
Kidney yin fails to nourish heart yin leading to Heart empty heat.
Jing is the foundation of Shen and if Jing is deficient mind suffers.
Treatment for Kidney and heart not harmonised.
Treatment principle.
Nourish kidney and heart yin. Clear empty heat.
Points:
Kidney 3, 6, 10- tonify kidney yin
Kidney 9, ren 4, spleen 6- tonify kidney yin , calm the shen.
Heart 7, Pericardium 6, Du 24, Gall bladder 13- Calm the Shen.
Ren 15- tonify heart yin and calm the shen.
Kidney and Lung Yin deficiency signs and symptoms
Dry cough which is worse in the evening, dry mouth, thin body and breathlessness, mental restlessness. Insomnia, night sweats and malar flush. 5 palm heat.
Tongue: Red peeled, two cracks in the lung area.
Pulse: floating and empty.
Aetiology of Kidney and lung yin deficiency.
Kidney yin deficiency and chronic worry.
Also can develop from chronic lung yin deficiency ( external or internal aetiology)
Pathology of Kidney and Lung yin Deficiency.
This pattern only happens in very chronic conditions and characterised by a general weakness of the body's Qi.
Treatment of Kidney and Lung Yin Deficiency
Treatment principle:
Nourish kidney and lung yin, nourish body fluids.
Points:
Lung 7 and Kidney 6- Open the Ren mai: benefits the throat and reception of Qi.
Kidney 3, 6, Ren 4 - Tonify kidney yin
Lung 9, 1, Bladder 43- Tonify Lung yin
Spleen 6- tonify Kidney yin and promote fluids.
Kidney and Spleen Yang deficiency: signs and symptoms.
Physical weakness, mental listlessness, Phlegm in throat, breathlessness, desire to lie down, abdominal distension, diarrhoea at dawn, aversion to cold, cold sore back, oedema ob abdomen and knees.
Tongue: Pale, swollen
Pulse: deep weak and slow
Aetiology of kidney and spleen yang deficiency.
Same as for kidney yang deficiency plus excessive consumption of cold raw foods.
Also can develop from chronic spleen yang deficiency.
Pathology of Kidney and Spleen Deficiency
Chronic, progression from spleen yang deficiency; spleen root of post heaven chi and kidneys root of pre-heaven Qi.
In Health They Give Each Other Mutual support.
Treatment of Kidney and Spleen Deficiency. Signs and symptoms.
Treatment Principle:
Tonify and warm Spleen and Kidney Yang.
Points:
Bladder 23, Kidney 3, 7, Ren 6 ( moxa)- Tonify Kidney yang.
Du4 ( moxa)- Tonify the fire of the gate of vitality
Bladder 20, 21, Stomach 36- Tonify the spleen.
Stomach 25- Tonify the large intestine.
Bladder Pathology
Excess Patterns:
Damp cold in the bladder
Damp heat in the bladder

Deficiency patterns
Bladder deficient and cold.
Aetiology of Bladder Pathology: comments
Bladder is water element and yang organ to Kidney. Water emotion is fear. Bladder is also susceptible to fear
In Children fear can make Qi sink and causes enuresis
In Adults Bladder disharmonies are 'traditionally associated with feelings of jealousy and suspicion over a long time'.
Damp Cold in the Bladder: signs and symptoms
Frequent/ urgent / difficult urination, pale and turbid urine, feeling of heaviness in the urethra
Tongue: sticky white coat at root.
Pulse: Slippery, slow, wiry on the 3rd position.
Aetiology of damp cold in the bladder
Exposure to exterior cold and damp.
Pathology of damp cold in the bladder
Damp ad cold obstruct bladder's function of Qi transformation of fluids.
Treatment of Damp cold in the bladder.
Resolve Damp, Scatter cold, remove obstruction from water passages in lower jiao.
Points:
Spleen 6, 9 - resolve dampness in lower jiao.
Ren 3, Bladder 28- Resolve dampness in the bladder.
Stomach 28, bladder 22- open the water passages in the lower jiao.
Ren 9- Resolves damp.
Damp Heat in the Bladder: signs and symptoms
Frequent/urgent/ difficult urination, dark yellow turbid urine, feeling of heaviness in the urethra, blood or grit in the urine, thirst , fever.
Tongue: red body, sticky yellow coating at root with red spots.
Pulse: slippery, rapid, wiry on the proximal position.
Aetiology of Damp Heat in bladder
This condition might start as damp cold in bladder and develop to damp heat over time.
Interiour full heat giving rise to painful and urgent urination, and possible stones.
Pathology of damp heat in the bladder.
Damp and Heat obstruct the bladder's function of Qi transformation of fluids.
Treatment of Damp Heat in the Bladder
Treatment principle.
Resolve Damp, clear heat, remove obstruction from water passages in the lower jiao.
Points
Spleen 6, 9 - Resolve dampness in the lower jiaou
Ren 3, Bladder 28,- Resolve dampness in the bladder clear heat.
Stomach 28, Bladder 22- Open lower Jiao water passages
Bladder 63- Stop pain on urination ( Xi cleft point)
Bladder 66 - Clear Heat from the Bladder ( Horary point)
Bladder Deficient and Cold: signs and symptoms
Frequent abundant and pale urination, incontinence, enuresis, lower backache.
Tongue: pale and wet
Pulse: weak and deep.
Aetiology of Bladder deficiency and cold.
...
Treatment of Bladder deficient and cold
Treatment principle:
Resolve damp, scatter cold, remove obstruction from water passages in the lower jiao.
Points
Bladder 23, Du4 ( moxa)- Tonify yang of kidneys and bladder.
Bladder 28- Tonify the bladder
Ren 6, (moxa)- Strengthen Qi and Yang in the lower Jiao.
Pathology
...
What are symptoms of bladder deficiency?
Symptoms of bladder deficiency are similar to deficiency of Ming Men; abundent clear coloured urination
What is the function of the Bladder? Pang Guang
Removes water by Qi transformation.
The turbid part of fluids separated by the small intestine is passed on to the bladder which then transform them into urine.
The function is reliant upon good Kidney Yang.
The Bladder us the Yang aspect of the kidney and its actions are related to the Ming Men.
Imbalance of WATER?
Water issues might be urinary system issues. Water metabolism. Developmental issues. Fertility and sexual issues. Adrenal exhaustion. lower back and knee issues can be symptomatic of water imbalance.
What are the eight principles
Yin and Yang.
cold and hot
Interiour and exteriour
Deficiency and Excess ( xu or Shi)
What could be signs of heat
Heat is caused by excess yang.
Red face
feeling of heat
movement fast.
Heat dries so symptoms of dryness.
Red tongue and yellow coating
Pulse rapid and full.
restlessness, urticaria skin conditions,
heat type constipation
Aetiology: long term stress ( causes liver qi stagnation)
External pathogenic features transforms into heat.
What is the difference between full heat and empty heat.
empty heat is is caused by yin deficiency and in comparison excess yang.
Empty heat is often caused by kidney yin deficiency. Symptoms are still hot symptoms: hot flushes that often happen later in the day. Tongue red but may also be peeled.
Aetiology:excess drugs alcohol etc. stress causes liver qi stagnation and heat and can further heat or deplete the kidney yin directly.
What are signs of cold.
Excess of cold which is yin fullness. In comparison weakness of yang. Invasions of cold into the interior. Chilliness, movement can be slow,cold limbs,
can cause pain. relieved by warmth. eg dysmenorrhea.
Tongue: pale and with thick white coat.
What are signs of deficient cold.
Same as excess cold: caused by deficiency of yang thus not sufficient to warm up the body. This can be deficiency of Yang of kidney, spleen, heart, lung qi.
if cold external
excess cold ( yin shi) attacks superficial Wei level
If cold internal
Weakness of yang.
What is considered ' exteriour'?
Skin, muscles, channels
What is considered interiour?
Organs and syndromes. Interior conditions can start as exterior conditions.
Interiour conditions are usually slow onset and more chronic. Pulse will be deep.
What are examples of exteriour invasion EPF?
Cold
wind
damp,
dryness
summer heat
( if it is an acute condition it is usually invasion of wind ' heat ' or 'cold' etc. Example is flue or cold like symptoms such as headache, respiratory congestion and eruptive skin conditions, sore throat etc. In this case the pulse might be superficial or floating.
But can also have invasion of the channels and joints and is known as Bi syndrome. Bi syndrome can be slow onset.
What are deficient conditions?
This is the same as Empty xu. Bodies Chi is weak. This can be
Yin
Yang
Blood
Chi.
However there is not pathogen.
Might be weak constitution and symptoms of lack of energy, frequent urination. P will be empty and tongue thin coating.
What are excess conditions?
Full/ Shi. Pathogen is present. interior or exterior. Can be stagnation of chi.
A strong constitution might have a full condition. It is often an acute condition. Very definate symptoms. Pain will be worse for pressure. Pulse will be full. Tongue might have a thick coating. Strong symptoms
Can there be a mix in the above categories.
Yes. examples are Kidney yin deficiency with liver yang rising
Kidney yin deficiency with flaring up of deficient heart fire
Spleen qi deficiency with retention of dampness
Kidney qi deficiency not grasping inhalation causing asthma
Deficiency of qui with stasis of blood. ( see table TCM clinic 2 page 60-62)
Treatment plan terminology:
transform
-phlegm, stasis, damp
Soften
Hardness /the liver
Regulate
Qi, digestion/ live Qi
Resolve
Toxins
Nourish
Liver, yin, blood, water
Enrich
Kidney yin
Activate
Blood
Clear
Turbidity/ heat, fire/ deficient heat/ large intestine damp/
Dispel
Stasis/ wind/ cold
Disinhibit
dampness
Stop
bleeding/itching
Discharge
liver fire, ministerial fire
Move
Qi and blood
Warm
Kidney Qi/ yang/Jing
Astringe
Body fluids
Descend
Fire
Supplement
Liver, Kidneys, Heart, lungs
Assist
Yang
Open
The channels/ the orificies/ the ears
Generate
Jing/ fluids
Strengthen
spleen/kidneys / liver / heart /lungs
Boost
Qi
Consolidate
The kidneys
Soothe
The liver
Cool
The blood
eliminate
stagnant food/stagnant blood
Harmonise
The stomach
Invigorate
Blood
Promote
Healing
Raise
Yang Qi
Tonify
Lungs/spleen/ kidneys/qi
Sets found in the same folder