Chapter 29 Shaken to the roots Willy Boy

American Indian Movement (AIM)
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Terms in this set (24)
American Indian Movement (AIM)
group of Native American political activists who used confrontations with the federal government to publicize their case for Indian rights
Baker v. Carr
US Supreme Court decision in 1962 that allowed federal courts to review the apportionment of state legislative districts and established the principle that such districts should have roughly equal populations ("one person, one vote")
Black Panthers
political and social movement among black Americans, founded in Oakland, in 1966 and emphasizing black economic and political power
Black Power
philosophy emerging after 1965 that real economic and political gains for African Americans could only come through self-help, self-determination, and organizing for direct political influence; Latinos and Native Americans formed Brown Power and Red Power as well
Camp David Agreement
agreement to reduce points of conflict between Israel and Egypt, hammered out in 1977 with the help of US president Jimmy Carter
Counterculture
various alternative to mainstream values and behaviors that became popular in the 1960s, including experimentation with psychedelic drugs, communal living, a return to the land, Asian religions, and experimental art
Deindustrialization
the process of economic change involving the disappearance of outmoded industries and the transfer of factories to new low-wage locations, with devastating effects in the Northeast and Middle West, especially in the 1970s and 80s
Detente
a lessening of tension, applied to improved American relations with the Soviet Union and China in the mid-1970s
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
federal agency created in 1970 to oversee environmental monitoring and cleanup programs
Free Speech Movement (FSM)
student movement at the University of California, Berkeley, formed in 1964 to protest limitations on political activities on campus
Helsinki Accordsagreement in 1975 among NATO and Warsaw Pact members that recognized European national boundaries as set after WWII and included guarantees of human rightsModel Cities Programeffort to target federal funds to upgrade public services and economic opportunity in specifically defined urban neighborhoods between 1966 and 1974Nation of Islamreligious movement among black Americans that emphasizes self-sufficiency, self-help, and separation from white societyNew Federalismpresident Nixon's policy to shift responsibilities for government programs from the federal level to the statesNixon Doctrinein July 1969, Nixon described a new American policy toward Asia, in which the US would honor treaty commitments but would gradually disengage and expect Asian nations to handle military defense on their ownOrganization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)cartel of oil producing nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America that gained substantial power of the world economy in the mid-to-late 1970s by controlling the production and price of oilPentagon Papersclassified Defense Department documents on the history of the US involvement in Vietnam, prepared in 1968 and leaked to the press in 1971Search and DestroyUS military tactic in South Vietnam, using small detachments to locate enemy units and then massive air, artillery, and ground forces to destroy themSelective Services Systemfederal agency that coordinated military conscription before and during the Vietnam WarStonewall Rebellionon June 27, 1969, patrons fought back when police raided the gay Stonewall Inn in New York; the name refers to that event and to the increase in militancy by gay Americans that it symbolizesStrategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT)signed in 1972 by the United States and the Soviet Union to slow the nuclear arms raceStudents for a Democratic Society (SDS)the leading student organization of the New Left of the early and mid-1960sSwann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of EducationUS Supreme Court decision in 1971 that upheld cross-city busing to achieve the racial integration of public schoolsWatergatea complex scandal involving attempts to cover up illegal actions taken by administration officials and leading to the resignations of President Nixon in 1974